Cheap propecia canada

Literally literacyThough this issue cheap propecia canada won’t appear for another 3-4 weeks, given the painful events unravelling in Afghanistan, it would feel banal to the point of negligence to fail to ask ‘where are we going’ in terms of global human rights.Many years ago, I took a short course on ‘primary health care in low and middle countries’ to equip myself with some knowledge of the public health issues I was likely to encounter first in Sudan and later Afghanistan. Though the teaching was a little too ‘touchy feely’ for my taste, it left an impression based on one talk and one message. Female literacy cheap propecia canada. Once assimilated, I realised that this was central to everythingI was based close to Kabul, during the immediate, relatively upbeat (if not as openly urbane as the 1970s) post-Soviet withdrawal era and have maintained some contact in the form of research collaborations with colleagues in the Afghan Ministry of Health. In parallel, we have seen the tantalising promise of a future of freedom and children’s futures and women’s rights snatched away so abruptly, the purple period from 2001 to 2021 already feeling illusorySo, when the headlines change as they inevitably will (tabloid attention no doubt turning to the off-duty improprieties of a footballer or mid-ranking cabinet member) don’t forget that if classrooms can be kept open, then there is still hope.Global child health.

Maternal and perinatal outcomeContinuing the neonatal sepsis theme discussed by Carolin Fleischmann and colleagues in the August issue (https://adc.bmj.com/content/106/8/745) Adama Baguiya’s WHO maternal sepsis (GLOSS) group takes another angle, the identification of high risk babies by the mothers’ peripartum cheap propecia canada condition. Using data from 43 LMICs, neonatal outcomes of mothers with suspected or proven sepsis were compared with those in whom there were no concerns. The direction of effect (predictive) was perhaps not surprising, though the magnitude was. A third of the babies of these cheap propecia canada women had adverse outcomes. 25% near miss events (outcomes requiring intervention or resuscitation of some sort) and a 10% mortality with an OR of 3.8 (95% CI 2.0 to 7.1) for the most severely unwell mothers.

How then can these women be identified earlier before both they and the fetus cheap propecia canada starts to decompensate?. See page 946Opiates in analgesiaWe all have a preferred opiate for analgesia resistant to first and second line alternatives and this particular choice has been, for as long as I can remember, if not divisive then factionalising.From buprenorphine patches to intranasal fentanyl to oral dextromoramide (the latter admittedly now largely a museum piece) to codeine, each has its (often vocal) proponents, the volume of their arguments not necessarily a correlate of analgesic effect.In the Drugs and Therapeutics section, Sarah Spenard and colleagues address this chestnut in their systematic review of the literature comparing morphine and hydromorphone, the turn to opioid in the face of the nausea and (histamine agonism-related) pruritus for which morphine itself is renowned. They found high quality evidence from 4 RCTs concluding there was nothing to choose between them in terms of therapeutic or side effects. So, rather than weighing up which opiate, cheap propecia canada the only question worth asking is ‘is there a reason not to start one now?. €™ in the face of a child struggling on high dose NSAID treatment.

See page 1002Safety reportingWe are the proud discovers of a new antimicrobial drug, let’s call it ‘viroblast 21’, the performance of which in phase two trials has been (our brochures proclaim) ‘breathtaking’. Agog with excitement, we proceed to cheap propecia canada the ‘definitive’ randomised controlled trial in children admitted to PICU for respiratory support. The ‘fully adjusted analyses’ (inverted commas, of course intentional) repay the faith we had in the drug, a ‘jaw dropping’ protective HR in time to recovery of 0.2 (95% CI 0.1 to 0.35). The tension is released and celebrations can cheap propecia canada begin… or can they?. The message in Taco Jan Pils’ and colleagues’ systematic review of trials reporting is that, even now, in the era of EQUATOR, CONSORT, siblings and half siblings safety data is often overlooked.

Though reporting has improved over the decade since their previous review, it’s baffling that it isn’t 100%. Part of the story is missing cheap propecia canada. Taking a tangential trajectory, it would be reasonable to argue that the sort of safety reporting leaves a few more loopholes. I want to know whether children can swallow the preparation. Whether it tastes good (or at least cheap propecia canada isn’t emetogenic).

And that the cost is not crippling for the health service or patients and parents by which it will ultimately be financed. This too (the economic burden) is also to my mind a side cheap propecia canada effect. Where resources are finite, something else will have to give. Maybe that mouthwatering ‘effect size’ didn’t tell us everything we need to know. See page 1010Fixing a hole where the rain gets inThe reality is that much of what we do, despite the cheap propecia canada best public health preventative measures is reactive.

The asthmatic child’s parents of ‘who only ever smoke outside’ are advised to stop or get help/gum/patches.I’m digressing but only slightly as, what I’m getting at are the upstream (preventative) vs downstream (symptomatic) approaches. Until recently, all treatment in cystic fibrosis was, by necessity, reactive/downstream. The advent cheap propecia canada of the CF transmembrane modulator family, correctors and potentiators has changed all this. Iolo Doull’s compelling review from the discovery of the molecule to the consistent improvements in all objective measures of lung and overall health by its augmentation testifies to this. This is exciting for other reasons cheap propecia canada too.

In the same way that anti-retroviral treatment in HIV became bolder and gathered pace, there is impetus for novel orphan drug development with implications beyond CF alone. See page 941(Pierre-)Robin sequence (RS) is characterised by mandibular retrognathia, glossoptosis and upper airway obstruction (UAO). To alleviate the latter, placing such infants prone was already suggested as a first-line treatment cheap propecia canada by Robin himself, the eponym of this condition. Indeed, it appears intuitively plausible that gravity will help shifting the mandible forward during sleep. Against this background, it was not surprising that the prone position was implemented by about two-thirds of respondents to a recent survey focusing on interventions used in infants with RS.1In neonatology, however, we have learnt the hard way that what seems plausible is not always effective and, particularly, safe.

Thus, we cheap propecia canada need to scrutinise the evidence for recommending prone positioning to resolve UAO in infants with RS. Objective data on the effectiveness of this intervention, however, are sparse. A retrospective analysis of sleep study data in 18 infants with RS (mean age, 1.5 months) found a higher sleep efficiency in the prone position, but no significant reduction in the severity of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA).2 A longitudinal prospective study in 14 infants with RS (mean age, 1.8 months) reported a median Obstructive Apnoea–Hypopnoea ….

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Organizations are strongly encouraged my response to submit a single response that reflects the views of propecia 3 months their organization and their membership as a whole. This RFI is open for public comment for a period of five weeks. Comments must be received by 11:59:59 p.m. (ET) on December propecia 3 months 7, 2020 to ensure consideration.

Start Printed Page 69336 All comments must be submitted electronically on the submission website, available at. Https://rfi.grants.nih.gov/​?. S=​5f91a3efdb70000018003362. Start Further Info Please direct all inquiries to.

Beth Walsh, nihstrategicplan@od.nih.gov, 301-496-4000. End Further Info End Preamble Start Supplemental Information Urgent public health measures are needed to control the spread of the novel hair loss (hair loss) and the disease it causes, hair loss disease 2019, or hair loss treatment. Scientific research to improve basic understanding of hair loss and hair loss treatment, and to develop the necessary tools and approaches to better prevent, diagnose, and treat this disease is of paramount importance. The NIH-Wide Strategic Plan for hair loss treatment Research (available at.

Https://www.nih.gov/​research-training/​medical-research-initiatives/​nih-wide-strategic-plan-hair loss treatment-research), released on July 13, 2020, provides a framework for achieving this goal. It describes how NIH is rapidly mobilizing diverse stakeholders, including the biomedical research community, industry, and philanthropic organizations, through new programs and existing resources, to lead a swift, coordinated research response to this global propecia. The plan outlines how NIH is implementing five Priorities, guided by three Crosscutting Strategies. Priorities Priority 1.

Improve Fundamental Knowledge of hair loss and hair loss treatment ○ Objective 1.1. Advance fundamental research for hair loss and hair loss treatment ○ Objective 1.2. Support research to develop preclinical models of hair loss and hair loss treatment ○ Objective 1.3. Advance the understanding of hair loss transmission and hair loss treatment dynamics at the population level ○ Objective 1.4.

Understand hair loss treatment disease progression, recovery, and psychosocial and behavioral health consequences Priority 2. Advance Detection and Diagnosis of hair loss treatment ○ Objective 2.1. Support research to develop and validate new diagnostic technologies ○ Objective 2.2. Retool existing diagnostics for detection of hair loss ○ Objective 2.3.

Support research to develop and validate serological assays Priority 3. Advance the Treatment of hair loss treatment ○ Objective 3.1. Identify and develop new or repurposed treatments for hair loss ○ Objective 3.2. Evaluate new, repurposed, or existing treatments and treatment strategies for hair loss treatment ○ Objective 3.3.

Investigate strategies for access to and implementation of hair loss treatments Priority 4. Improve Prevention of hair loss ○ Objective 4.1. Develop novel treatments for the prevention of hair loss treatment ○ Objective 4.2. Develop and study other methods to prevent hair loss transmission ○ Objective 4.3.

Develop effective implementation models for preventive measures Priority 5. Prevent and Redress Poor hair loss treatment Outcomes in Health Disparity and Vulnerable Populations ○ Objective 5.1. Understand and address hair loss treatment as it relates to health disparities and hair loss treatment—vulnerable populations in the United States ○ Objective 5.2. Understand and address hair loss treatment maternal health and pregnancy outcomes ○ Objective 5.3.

Understand and address age-specific factors in hair loss treatment ○ Objective 5.4. Address global health research needs from hair loss treatment Crosscutting Strategies Partnering to promote collaborative science ○ Leverage existing NIH-funded global research networks and private sector, public, and non-profit relationships ○ Coordinate with Federal partners ○ Establish new public-private partnerships Supporting the research workforce and infrastructure ○ Conduct research to elucidate how hair loss treatment impacts the scientific workforce ○ Provide research resources ○ Leverage intramural infrastructure to support extramural researchers ○ Conduct virtual peer review processes Investing in data science ○ Create new data science resources and analytical tools ○ Develop shared metrics and terminologies NIH seeks comments on any or all of, but not limited to, the following topics. Significant research gaps or barriers not identified in the existing framework above. Resources required or lacking or existing leverageable resources (e.g., existing partnerships, collaborations, or infrastructure) that could advance the strategic priorities.

Emerging scientific advances or techniques in basic, diagnostic, therapeutic, or treatment research that may accelerate the research priorities detailed in the framework above. And Additional ideas for bold, innovative research initiatives, processes, or data-driven approaches that could advance the response to hair loss treatment. NIH encourages organizations (e.g., patient advocacy groups, professional organizations) to submit a single response reflective of the views of the organization or membership as a whole. Responses to this RFI are voluntary and may be submitted anonymously.

Please do not include any personally identifiable information or any information that you do not wish to make public. Proprietary, classified, confidential, or sensitive information should not be included in your response. The Government will use the information submitted in response to this RFI at its discretion. The Government reserves the right to use any submitted information on public websites, in reports, in summaries of the state of the science, in any possible resultant solicitation(s), grant(s), or cooperative agreement(s), or in the development of future funding opportunity announcements.

This RFI is for informational and planning purposes only and is not a solicitation for applications or an obligation on the part of the Government to provide support for any ideas identified in response to it. Please note that the Government will not pay for the preparation of any information submitted or for use of that information. We look forward to your input and hope that you will share this RFI opportunity with your colleagues. Start Signature Dated.

October 27, 2020. Lawrence A. Tabak, Principal Deputy Director, National Institutes of Health. End Signature End Supplemental Information [FR Doc.

2020-24202 Filed http://buyingtitles.co.uk/the-kind-of-titles-you-can-buy/ 10-30-20. 8:45 am]BILLING CODE 4140-01-PSign up for our newsletter Explore full page map The language we’ve heard to describe hair loss treatment in rural America is evolving. Early in the propecia, healthcare professionals were concerned. Later, some were alarmed.

Now, what I hear sounds a lot like shock. In a story we published earlier today, Alan Morgan with the National Rural Health Association called the rural propecia a horror story. Carrie Henning-Smith with the University of Minnesota Rural Health Research Center has another word. Ominous.

That’s not the kind of comforting word we like to hear from our caregivers. But a cheerful bedside manner doesn’t seem to be doing the job with rural America. €œI think that there was a chance early on to try to contain this, when we had this as a mostly urban phenomenon back in March and April,” said Henning-Smith, who is also an associate professor in the School of Public Health at the University of Minnesota. €œWe blew way past that.

And now this has spread into virtually every county in the country, in metro and non-metro alike.” Welcome to the rural wave – the phase of the propecia that is swamping rural America with record numbers of hair loss treatment s. Late this spring, we still had swaths of rural America – mostly in the Midwest and Great Plains – that went weeks without a single case. On June 1, nearly 9% of rural counties hadn’t reported any s. Today, only one county in the Lower 48 hasn’t reported a case of hair loss treatment.

For the rest of rural America, most of the news is bad. The rate of new s in rural counties is 65% higher than in urban counties. The number of new cases in rural America has set a record each of the last five weeks. Seventy percent of rural counties are at risk of uncontrolled spread, what the White House hair loss Task Force calls the red zone.

Something different is happening in rural America in this surge. The coastal and urban regions that bore the brunt of the summer surge look relatively contained now. The trouble spots, as shown in the map above, are in the interior. Why is hair loss treatment surging now in these areas that got off relatively easy this summer?.

Henning-Smith, who holds three master’s level degrees and a PhD, cited several possibilities. The first may be “hair loss treatment fatigue.” “It took longer to get to rural areas and it’s hard to keep the public relentlessly engaged and being mindful and cautious as the propecia wears on,” she said. Another factor is politics, she said. €œThere are definitely some strong relationships where we’re seeing very, very mixed messaging at the highest levels of the federal government about even the most basic precautions for hair loss treatment.” And some of it is just the nature of the hair loss.

All things equal, the propecia spreads from one host to the next. Think of spreading peanut butter on toast. You won’t get it to a uniform thickness, but each swipe of the knife gets you closer. €œ[The graphs] give every indication that rural areas will catch up to urban, and we’ll see proportional rates of hair loss treatment cases and hair loss treatment deaths in rural, relative to urban,” Henning-Smith said.

Rural areas could even get worse than urban ones eventually, she said. A host of factors make that a possibility. Rural employment may not be as suited for remote work. Services like online grocery ordering and delivery are less available in rural areas.

Lack of broadband may mean rural people have to do more activities in person. Contact tracing may not be as robust. Testing can be more challenging in less densely populated areas. Henning-Smith, whose research focuses on health equity, also said race is a factor in how hair loss treatment is spreading and what happens when it reaches a community.

€œI don’t think we’re talking enough about the intersection of [race and rurality], of the impact of structural racism among rural residents,” she said. Most people have a choice about whether to wear a mask. Fewer of us have a choice about other factors that contribute to the spread of hair loss treatment. €œWho has the luxury of containing themselves to their household so they don’t get it?.

€ she said. €œWho lives in a house that’s not crowded, so they’re not spreading it to their family members?. Who has access to healthcare, decent health insurance?. Who still has a hospital or a clinic in town to get the care that they need, if they need it?.

€ Tim Murphy contributed data analysis to this article. Before You Go The Daily Yonder is a nonprofit news platform dedicated to reporting on rural people, places, and issues. Donations from readers like you makes it possible for us to fulfill this important mission. So far this year, we’ve helped readers understand where rural America fits in the hair loss treatment propecia, the 2020 election, and the fight for racial equity.

For the rest of 2020, you have a special opportunity to double your contribution to the Daily Yonder. Your gift will be matched dollar for dollar by NewsMatch, a nonprofit news funding program. All you have to do to help us get this extra support is make a gift, in any amount. It’s that simple.

This RFI cheap propecia canada is open click here now for public comment for a period of five weeks. Comments must be received by 11:59:59 p.m. (ET) on December 7, 2020 to ensure consideration. Start Printed Page 69336 All comments must be submitted cheap propecia canada electronically on the submission website, available at.

Https://rfi.grants.nih.gov/​?. S=​5f91a3efdb70000018003362. Start Further Info Please direct all inquiries to cheap propecia canada. Beth Walsh, nihstrategicplan@od.nih.gov, 301-496-4000.

End Further Info End Preamble Start Supplemental Information Urgent public health measures are needed to control the spread of the novel hair loss (hair loss) and the disease it causes, hair loss disease 2019, or hair loss treatment. Scientific research to improve cheap propecia canada basic understanding of hair loss and hair loss treatment, and to develop the necessary tools and approaches to better prevent, diagnose, and treat this disease is of paramount importance. The NIH-Wide Strategic Plan for hair loss treatment Research (available at. Https://www.nih.gov/​research-training/​medical-research-initiatives/​nih-wide-strategic-plan-hair loss treatment-research), released on July 13, 2020, provides a framework for achieving this goal.

It describes how NIH cheap propecia canada is rapidly mobilizing diverse stakeholders, including the biomedical research community, industry, and philanthropic organizations, through new programs and existing resources, to lead a swift, coordinated research response to this global propecia. The plan outlines how NIH is implementing five Priorities, guided by three Crosscutting Strategies. Priorities Priority 1. Improve Fundamental Knowledge of hair loss and hair loss treatment ○ cheap propecia canada Objective 1.1.

Advance fundamental research for hair loss and hair loss treatment ○ Objective 1.2. Support research to develop preclinical models of hair loss and hair loss treatment ○ Objective 1.3. Advance the understanding of hair loss transmission and hair loss treatment dynamics at the population level cheap propecia canada ○ Objective 1.4. Understand hair loss treatment disease progression, recovery, and psychosocial and behavioral health consequences Priority 2.

Advance Detection and Diagnosis of hair loss treatment ○ Objective 2.1. Support research cheap propecia canada to develop and validate new diagnostic technologies ○ Objective 2.2. Retool existing diagnostics for detection of hair loss ○ Objective 2.3. Support research to develop and validate serological assays Priority 3.

Advance the Treatment of hair loss treatment ○ Objective cheap propecia canada 3.1. Identify and develop new or repurposed treatments for hair loss ○ Objective 3.2. Evaluate new, repurposed, or existing treatments and treatment strategies for hair loss treatment ○ Objective 3.3. Investigate strategies for access to and implementation of hair loss treatments cheap propecia canada Priority 4.

Improve Prevention of hair loss ○ Objective 4.1. Develop novel treatments for the prevention of hair loss treatment ○ Objective 4.2. Develop and study other cheap propecia canada methods to prevent hair loss transmission ○ Objective 4.3. Develop effective implementation models for preventive measures Priority 5.

Prevent and Redress Poor hair loss treatment Outcomes in Health Disparity and Vulnerable Populations ○ Objective 5.1. Understand and address cheap propecia canada hair loss treatment as it relates to health disparities and hair loss treatment—vulnerable populations in the United States ○ Objective 5.2. Understand and address hair loss treatment maternal health and pregnancy outcomes ○ Objective 5.3. Understand and address age-specific factors in hair loss treatment ○ Objective 5.4.

Address global health research needs from hair loss treatment Crosscutting Strategies Partnering to promote collaborative science ○ Leverage existing NIH-funded global research networks and private sector, public, and non-profit relationships ○ Coordinate with Federal partners ○ Establish new public-private partnerships Supporting the research workforce and infrastructure ○ Conduct research to elucidate how hair loss treatment impacts the scientific workforce ○ Provide research resources ○ Leverage intramural infrastructure to support extramural researchers ○ Conduct virtual peer review processes Investing in data science ○ Create new data science resources and analytical tools ○ Develop shared metrics and terminologies NIH seeks cheap propecia canada comments on any or all of, but not limited to, the following topics. Significant research gaps or barriers not identified in the existing framework above. Resources required or lacking or existing leverageable resources (e.g., existing partnerships, collaborations, or infrastructure) that could advance the strategic priorities. Emerging scientific cheap propecia canada advances or techniques in basic, diagnostic, therapeutic, or treatment research that may accelerate the research priorities detailed in the framework above.

And Additional ideas for bold, innovative research initiatives, processes, or data-driven approaches that could advance the response to hair loss treatment. NIH encourages organizations (e.g., patient advocacy groups, professional organizations) to submit a single response reflective of the views of the organization or membership as a whole. Responses to cheap propecia canada this RFI are voluntary and may be submitted anonymously. Please do not include any personally identifiable information or any information that you do not wish to make public.

Proprietary, classified, confidential, or sensitive information should not be included in your response. The Government will use the information submitted in response to this RFI at its discretion cheap propecia canada. The Government reserves the right to use any submitted information on public websites, in reports, in summaries of the state of the science, in any possible resultant solicitation(s), grant(s), or cooperative agreement(s), or in the development of future funding opportunity announcements. This RFI is for informational and planning purposes only and is not a solicitation for applications or an obligation on the part of the Government to provide support for any ideas identified in response to it.

Please note that the Government cheap propecia canada will not pay for the preparation of any information submitted or for use of that information. We look forward to your input and hope that you will share this RFI opportunity with your colleagues. Start Signature Dated. October 27, cheap propecia canada 2020.

Lawrence A. Tabak, Principal Deputy Director, National Institutes of Health. End Signature End Supplemental Information [FR Doc cheap propecia canada. 2020-24202 Filed 10-30-20.

8:45 am]BILLING CODE 4140-01-PSign up for our newsletter Explore full page map The language we’ve heard to describe hair loss treatment in rural America is evolving. Early in the propecia, healthcare professionals cheap propecia canada were concerned. Later, some were alarmed. Now, what I hear sounds a lot like shock.

In a story we published cheap propecia canada earlier today, Alan Morgan with the National Rural Health Association called the rural propecia a horror story. Carrie Henning-Smith with the University of Minnesota Rural Health Research Center has another word. Ominous. That’s not the kind of comforting word cheap propecia canada we like to hear from our caregivers.

But a cheerful bedside manner doesn’t seem to be doing the job with rural America. €œI think that there was a chance early on to try to contain this, when we had this as a mostly urban phenomenon back in March and April,” said Henning-Smith, who is also an associate professor in the School of Public Health at the University of Minnesota. €œWe blew way past cheap propecia canada that. And now this has spread into virtually every county in the country, in metro and non-metro alike.” Welcome to the rural wave – the phase of the propecia that is swamping rural America with record numbers of hair loss treatment s.

Late this spring, we still had swaths of rural America – mostly in the Midwest and Great Plains – that went weeks without a single case. On June 1, nearly cheap propecia canada 9% of rural counties hadn’t reported any s. Today, only one county in the Lower 48 hasn’t reported a case of hair loss treatment. For the rest of rural America, most of the news is bad.

The rate of new cheap propecia canada s in rural counties is 65% higher than in urban counties. The number of new cases in rural America has set a record each of the last five weeks. Seventy percent of rural counties are at risk of uncontrolled spread, what the White House hair loss Task Force calls the red zone. Something different is happening cheap propecia canada in rural America in this surge.

The coastal and urban regions that bore the brunt of the summer surge look relatively contained now. The trouble spots, as shown in the map above, are in the interior. Why is hair loss treatment surging now in cheap propecia canada these areas that got off relatively easy this summer?. Henning-Smith, who holds three master’s level degrees and a PhD, cited several possibilities.

The first may be “hair loss treatment fatigue.” “It took longer to get to rural areas and it’s hard to keep the public relentlessly engaged and being mindful and cautious as the propecia wears on,” she said. Another factor is cheap propecia canada politics, she said. €œThere are definitely some strong relationships where we’re seeing very, very mixed messaging at the highest levels of the federal government about even the most basic precautions for hair loss treatment.” And some of it is just the nature of the hair loss. All things equal, the propecia spreads from one host to the next.

Think of cheap propecia canada spreading peanut butter on toast. You won’t get it to a uniform thickness, but each swipe of the knife gets you closer. €œ[The graphs] give every indication that rural areas will catch up to urban, and we’ll see proportional rates of hair loss treatment cases and hair loss treatment deaths in rural, relative to urban,” Henning-Smith said. Rural areas could cheap propecia canada even get worse than urban ones eventually, she said.

A host of factors make that a possibility. Rural employment may not be as suited for remote work. Services like online cheap propecia canada grocery ordering and delivery are less available in rural areas. Lack of broadband may mean rural people have to do more activities in person.

Contact tracing may not be as robust. Testing can be more cheap propecia canada challenging in less densely populated areas. Henning-Smith, whose research focuses on health equity, also said race is a factor in how hair loss treatment is spreading and what happens when it reaches a community. €œI don’t think we’re talking enough about the intersection of [race and rurality], of the impact of structural racism among rural residents,” she said.

Most people cheap propecia canada have a choice about whether to wear a mask. Fewer of us have a choice about other factors that contribute to the spread of hair loss treatment. €œWho has the luxury of containing themselves to their household so they don’t get it?. € she cheap propecia canada said.

€œWho lives in a house that’s not crowded, so they’re not spreading it to their family members?. Who has access to healthcare, decent health insurance?. Who still has cheap propecia canada a hospital or a clinic in town to get the care that they need, if they need it?. € Tim Murphy contributed data analysis to this article.

Before You Go The Daily Yonder is a nonprofit news platform dedicated to reporting on rural people, places, and issues. Donations from readers like you makes it cheap propecia canada possible for us to fulfill this important mission. So far this year, we’ve helped readers understand where rural America fits in the hair loss treatment propecia, the 2020 election, and the fight for racial equity. For the rest of 2020, you have a special opportunity to double your contribution to the Daily Yonder.

Your gift will be matched dollar for dollar by NewsMatch, a nonprofit news funding program. All you have to do to help us get this extra support is make a gift, in any amount. It’s that simple. Thanks for reading the Daily Yonder, for sharing our content with friends and neighbors, and for making your contribution today.

What should I watch for while taking Propecia?

Do not donate blood until at least 6 months after your final dose of finasteride. This will prevent giving finasteride to a pregnant female through a blood transfusion.

Contact your prescriber or health care professional if there is no improvement in your symptoms. You may need to take finasteride for 6 to 12 months to get the best results.

Women who are pregnant or may get pregnant must not handle broken or crushed finasteride tablets; the active ingredient could harm the unborn baby. If a pregnant woman comes into contact with broken or crushed finasteride tablets she should check with her prescriber or health care professional. Exposure to whole tablets is not expected to cause harm as long as they are not swallowed.

Finasteride can interfere with PSA laboratory tests for prostate cancer. If you are scheduled to have a lab test for prostate cancer, tell your prescriber or health care professional that you are taking finasteride.

Does propecia expire

"Taking care of patients is does propecia expire the ultimate https://excursionsireland.com/services/ goal of a community pharmacist," said Steven Hoffart. His career as a pharmacist brought him back home, to Magnolia, Texas, outside Houston, where the population is just over 2,000 people.He is the owner of the independent Magnolia Pharmacy.Correspondent Mireya Villarreal asked, "Does it make it extra special knowing that this is where you grew up and you're giving back to your own town?. ""Yes," he replied does propecia expire. "It's real heartfelt."At the beginning of the propecia, Hoffart stepped up to make hand sanitizer for those on the frontlines.

Now, he's stepping up again, by distributing 500 doses of the Moderna treatment.There are about 23,000 independent pharmacies in the U.S., and many are the does propecia expire backbone of their community. Now, they are helping fight hair loss treatment misinformation, and administering the treatment in areas where medical resources and access are often limited."We have great relationships with our community," Hoffart said. "So, being able to make sure that we're able to get those patients in on a timely manner, it's a challenge, but it's something we're working through every day." Independent pharmacies, such as does propecia expire Magnolia Pharmacy in Magnolia, Texas, are playing a leading role in administering hair loss treatments in rural towns. CBS News Texas is currently vaccinating Group 1B, which in this state is residents 65 and older, and people 16 and older with medical conditions that could put them at risk for severe illness with hair loss treatment.Jane Bough, who got the treatment, will be 85 years old next month.

"I survived 2020," she said.Her son is does propecia expire an anesthesiologist. "He said, 'Mom, if you could have been in the emergency room with me or the ICU and seen all the people I have put to sleep paralyzed, intubated, you would run to get this treatment,'" Baugh said. Big pharmacy chains like CVS and Walgreens contracted with the does propecia expire federal government to help distribute treatments, but those chains aren't always in rural communities, leaving independent pharmacies to fill in the gaps, with both access to quality care and factual education on vaccinations. Hoffart says they're doing 50 shots a day, until they run out.Bill Haines, who got vaccinated at Magnolia, said, "I called my own doctor.

They aren't giving the does propecia expire shots. So, I tried some of the local big chain pharmacies, they aren't giving the shots."Haines is over 65, diabetic, and hopeful the treatment will make a swift impact. "I'm going to be happy to be able to see people smile," he said does propecia expire. Within eight hours of opening up appointments for vaccinations, Hoffart said, all 500 were booked.

Villarreal asked, "Do you feel like your whole career has kind of led up to this point of being kind of the center point for the distribution process?. ""I would say so," Hoffart replied does propecia expire. "It's like the Super Bowl, man. It was talked up, talked does propecia expire up, talked up.

That day is here."Of the more than 377,000 doses given out in Texas, more than 56,000 have been done inside a pharmacy.Hoffart believes small pharmacies will continue to play a big role, which is why he recently asked pharmacy students certified in administering treatments to help with the demand.In March, Marc Price set up a tent outside his primary care practice in Malta, N.Y., where he and his colleagues could don their protective gear to see the daily stream of hair loss patients. Three weeks does propecia expire ago, the tent was finally upgraded to a shed ahead of snowstorms. But, despite months of constant close contact with hair loss treatment patients, staff at the practice have yet to be vaccinated.“I’m still waiting for my turn,” said Price.He is not alone among primary care physicians, many of whom are not affiliated with hospitals and so have no direct link to treatment distribution at this stage. €œThe rollout so far has been heartbreaking does propecia expire to witness from the standpoint of primary care,” said Emily Maxson, chief medical officer at Aledade, a company that works with more than 7,300 providers across 27 states.advertisement “Many are angry and frustrated and fed up, frankly.

They’re absolutely downtrodden,” she said. Primary care doctors are included with tier 1a, the first does propecia expire group designated to receive treatments as laid out by federal guidance. These physicians have been severely affected by the propecia. One study of more than 1,000 health care deaths in May found that primary care doctors does propecia expire made up the highest percentage of physician deaths within that group.advertisement Community doctors also play a crucial role in supporting the health care system overall.

Patients who are tested at their family doctor don’t need to burden an already-overwhelmed emergency care system. And while those patients may be in less acute need than ER patients, these does propecia expire visits still create significant contagion risks.“We feel like we’re the true front line. We see these patients before they go to the hospital or ER,” said Jason Lofton, a primary care doctor in De Queen, Ark., and county health officer for Sevier County, where there is no hospital. €œWe want to does propecia expire make sure we’re not forgotten.

It’s easy when you’re in a small corner of rural America to be left out.”Only 23% of primary care clinicians know where they’ll get a treatment from, according my latest blog post to a survey of more than 1,400 such doctors from Dec. 11 to 15 by the Larry A. Green Center with the does propecia expire Primary Care Collaborative. €œMore than three quarters don’t even know where they’re getting the treatment,” said Ann Greiner, chief executive of the Primary Care Collaborative.

These doctors should be vaccinated to fully support patients, does propecia expire she added. €œWe really want to keep patients out of the emergency room, for obvious reasons.” So far, a “stark minority” of the primary care physicians that Maxson works with at Aledade have received their treatment. Most doctors are still waiting, she said.Federal guidance is subject to interpretation from states, the majority of which are distributing treatments does propecia expire via major hospitals. And, without any clear state or federal government directive on when primary care doctors should be vaccinated, many independent physicians must rely on the goodwill of hospitals to receive their doses.The problem is affecting community practices across the United States to varying degrees, said Shawn Martin, chief executive of American Academy of Family Physicians.

In the Northeast and West Coast, where there are huge medical centers focused on vaccinating their own staff, it’s “very common” for primary care physicians to does propecia expire be left out. Other states, such as Illinois, North and South Carolina, and Florida, seem to have recognized the problem and are starting to address it.“I don’t think it’s resolved by any stretch of the imagination,” said Martin.There’s no question that everyone who works in health care deserves a hair loss treatment quickly. But many primary care physicians feel they aren’t prioritized does propecia expire in line with their risk. Some hospitals are choosing to vaccinate all staff, including those who aren’t involved in patient care or visitor contact, before passing treatments onto unaffiliated family doctors, said Maxson.

“To be does propecia expire quite frank, for an orthopedic surgeon or urologist, those patients having elective procedures are being tested before going into the operating rooms. The risk of hair loss treatment is there, but it’s small,” said Price. Health care systems are does propecia expire naturally incentivized to inoculate their own first, he added. €œThat probably makes more money for the hospital than someone who’s not their staff.”States can opt to send treatments directly to primary care clinics, or via pharmacies, but so far, plans to do so are scattered.

In New York, for example, EMS workers and coroners are explicitly prioritized within the first tier, while primary care doctors aren’t specifically mentioned. There’s significant variation in vaccinating primary care does propecia expire physicians even within states, said Maxson. The most important factor for a primary care doctor’s vaccination date is their relationship with a community hospital.The lack of transparency over distribution plans has added to frustrations. €œPart of the fear is not just being excluded right now, but not knowing when your card will come,” she said.New York state’s health department told does propecia expire Price he’d receive treatments from Albany Medical Center.

But, after repeated calls to the hospital, they said they weren’t responsible and Price’s clinic should instead get their doses from the state. Eventually, after also speaking with local Assemblywoman Carrie Woerner, Price received a mass email from both does propecia expire the Medical Society of the State of New York and New York State Academy of Family Physicians saying primary care doctors could expect to receive a treatment on Jan. 4. He doesn’t know who will be distributing it, or where he should go to receive his does propecia expire shots.

Failing to include primary care doctors early in the rollout process could have wider ramifications. These physicians are generally well-placed to does propecia expire have close ties with their communities. €œI’m spending time with each patient, basically coaching them to say the treatment’s worth taking,” said Lofton. €œThey want me to take it first.”If independent clinics don’t have strong ties to treatment distribution, they will likely play a more limited role in vaccinating their own patients once doses does propecia expire are available for the wider public.“I’m really worried about large retail pharmacies’ ability to gain the trust of the population,” said Maxson.

Primary care doctors also have the opportunity to offer treatments to patients who come in for other reasons. €œIf our PCPs are left out, we miss the opportunity to vaccinate more passively,” she added.Independent primary care practices are also relatively small clinics, without many does propecia expire backup employees to pick up the workload when staff are sick or quarantining. Price should be on vacation this week, he said, but two of his colleagues are off after being exposed to hair loss treatment. €œWe’re just getting run down.”.

"Taking care cheap propecia canada of patients propecia price in canada is the ultimate goal of a community pharmacist," said Steven Hoffart. His career as a pharmacist brought him back home, to Magnolia, Texas, outside Houston, where the population is just over 2,000 people.He is the owner of the independent Magnolia Pharmacy.Correspondent Mireya Villarreal asked, "Does it make it extra special knowing that this is where you grew up and you're giving back to your own town?. ""Yes," he replied cheap propecia canada.

"It's real heartfelt."At the beginning of the propecia, Hoffart stepped up to make hand sanitizer for those on the frontlines. Now, he's stepping up again, by distributing 500 doses of cheap propecia canada the Moderna treatment.There are about 23,000 independent pharmacies in the U.S., and many are the backbone of their community. Now, they are helping fight hair loss treatment misinformation, and administering the treatment in areas where medical resources and access are often limited."We have great relationships with our community," Hoffart said.

"So, being able to make sure that we're able to get those patients in on a timely manner, it's a challenge, but it's something we're working through every day." Independent pharmacies, cheap propecia canada such as Magnolia Pharmacy in Magnolia, Texas, are playing a leading role in administering hair loss treatments in rural towns. CBS News Texas is currently vaccinating Group 1B, which in this state is residents 65 and older, and people 16 and older with medical conditions that could put them at risk for severe illness with hair loss treatment.Jane Bough, who got the treatment, will be 85 years old next month. "I survived 2020," she said.Her son is an cheap propecia canada anesthesiologist.

"He said, 'Mom, if you could have been in the emergency room with me or the ICU and seen all the people I have put to sleep paralyzed, intubated, you would run to get this treatment,'" Baugh said. Big pharmacy chains like CVS and Walgreens contracted with the federal government to help distribute treatments, but those chains aren't always in rural communities, leaving independent pharmacies cheap propecia canada to fill in the gaps, with both access to quality care and factual education on vaccinations. Hoffart says they're doing 50 shots a day, until they run out.Bill Haines, who got vaccinated at Magnolia, said, "I called my own doctor.

They aren't cheap propecia canada giving the shots. So, I tried some of the local big chain pharmacies, they aren't giving the shots."Haines is over 65, diabetic, and hopeful the treatment will make a swift impact. "I'm going cheap propecia canada to be happy to be able to see people smile," he said.

Within eight hours of opening up appointments for vaccinations, Hoffart said, all 500 were booked. Villarreal asked, "Do you feel like your whole career has kind of led up to this point of being kind of the center point for the distribution process?. ""I would say cheap propecia canada so," Hoffart replied.

"It's like the Super Bowl, man. It was cheap propecia canada talked up, talked up, talked up. That day is here."Of the more than 377,000 doses given out in Texas, more than 56,000 have been done inside a pharmacy.Hoffart believes small pharmacies will continue to play a big role, which is why he recently asked pharmacy students certified in administering treatments to help with the demand.In March, Marc Price set up a tent outside his primary care practice in Malta, N.Y., where he and his colleagues could don their protective gear to see the daily stream of hair loss patients.

Three weeks ago, the tent was finally upgraded to a shed ahead of cheap propecia canada snowstorms. But, despite months of constant close contact with hair loss treatment patients, staff at the practice have yet to be vaccinated.“I’m still waiting for my turn,” said Price.He is not alone among primary care physicians, many of whom are not affiliated with hospitals and so have no direct link to treatment distribution at this stage. €œThe rollout cheap propecia canada so far has been heartbreaking to witness from the standpoint of primary care,” said Emily Maxson, chief medical officer at Aledade, a company that works with more than 7,300 providers across 27 states.advertisement “Many are angry and frustrated and fed up, frankly.

They’re absolutely downtrodden,” she said. Primary care doctors are included with tier 1a, the first cheap propecia canada group designated to receive treatments as laid out by federal guidance. These physicians have been severely affected by the propecia.

One study of more than 1,000 health cheap propecia canada care deaths in May found that primary care doctors made up the highest percentage of physician deaths within that group.advertisement Community doctors also play a crucial role in supporting the health care system overall. Patients who are tested at their family doctor don’t need to burden an already-overwhelmed emergency care system. And while those patients may be in less acute need than ER patients, these cheap propecia canada visits still create significant contagion risks.“We feel like we’re the true front line.

We see these patients before they go to the hospital or ER,” said Jason Lofton, a primary care doctor in De Queen, Ark., and county health officer for Sevier County, where there is no hospital. €œWe want to make sure we’re cheap propecia canada not forgotten. It’s easy when you’re in a small corner of rural America to be left out.”Only 23% of primary care clinicians know where they’ll get a treatment from, according to a survey of more than 1,400 such doctors from Dec.

11 to 15 by the Larry A. Green Center with cheap propecia canada the Primary Care Collaborative. €œMore than three quarters don’t even know where they’re getting the treatment,” said Ann Greiner, chief executive of the Primary Care Collaborative.

These doctors should be vaccinated to fully cheap propecia canada support patients, she added. €œWe really want to keep patients out of the emergency room, for obvious reasons.” So far, a “stark minority” of the primary care physicians that Maxson works with at Aledade have received their treatment. Most doctors are still waiting, she said.Federal guidance is subject to interpretation from states, the majority of which are distributing treatments via major cheap propecia canada hospitals.

And, without any clear state or federal government directive on when primary care doctors should be vaccinated, many independent physicians must rely on the goodwill of hospitals to receive their doses.The problem is affecting community practices across the United States to varying degrees, said Shawn Martin, chief executive of American Academy of Family Physicians. In the Northeast and West Coast, where there are huge medical centers focused on vaccinating cheap propecia canada their own staff, it’s “very common” for primary care physicians to be left out. Other states, such as Illinois, North and South Carolina, and Florida, seem to have recognized the problem and are starting to address it.“I don’t think it’s resolved by any stretch of the imagination,” said Martin.There’s no question that everyone who works in health care deserves a hair loss treatment quickly.

But many primary care physicians feel they aren’t cheap propecia canada prioritized in line with their risk. Some hospitals are choosing to vaccinate all staff, including those who aren’t involved in patient care or visitor contact, before passing treatments onto unaffiliated family doctors, said Maxson. “To be cheap propecia canada quite frank, for an orthopedic surgeon or urologist, those patients having elective procedures are being tested before going into the operating rooms.

The risk of hair loss treatment is there, but it’s small,” said Price. Health care systems are cheap propecia canada naturally incentivized to inoculate their own first, he added. €œThat probably makes more money for the hospital than someone who’s not their staff.”States can opt to send treatments directly to primary care clinics, or via pharmacies, but so far, plans to do so are scattered.

In New York, for example, EMS workers and coroners are explicitly prioritized within the first tier, while primary care doctors aren’t specifically mentioned. There’s significant cheap propecia canada variation in vaccinating primary care physicians even within states, said Maxson. The most important factor for a primary care doctor’s vaccination date is their relationship with a community hospital.The lack of transparency over distribution plans has added to frustrations.

€œPart of the fear is not just being excluded right now, but not knowing when cheap propecia canada your card will come,” she said.New York state’s health department told Price he’d receive treatments from Albany Medical Center. But, after repeated calls to the hospital, they said they weren’t responsible and Price’s clinic should instead get their doses from the state. Eventually, after also speaking with local Assemblywoman Carrie Woerner, Price received a mass cheap propecia canada email from both the Medical Society of the State of New York and New York State Academy of Family Physicians saying primary care doctors could expect to receive a treatment on Jan.

4. He doesn’t know who will be distributing it, cheap propecia canada or where he should go to receive his shots. Failing to include primary care doctors early in the rollout process could have wider ramifications.

These physicians are generally well-placed to cheap propecia canada have close ties with their communities. €œI’m spending time with each patient, basically coaching them to say the treatment’s worth taking,” said Lofton. €œThey want me to take it first.”If independent cheap propecia canada clinics don’t have strong ties to treatment distribution, they will likely play a more limited role in vaccinating their own patients once doses are available for the wider public.“I’m really worried about large retail pharmacies’ ability to gain the trust of the population,” said Maxson.

Primary care doctors also have the opportunity to offer treatments to patients who come in for other reasons. €œIf our PCPs are left out, we miss the opportunity to vaccinate more passively,” she added.Independent primary care practices are also relatively small clinics, without many backup employees to pick cheap propecia canada up the workload when staff are sick or quarantining. Price should be on vacation this week, he said, but two of his colleagues are off after being exposed to hair loss treatment.

€œWe’re just getting run down.”.

Biotin and propecia

Delegates attending an international meeting meant to biotin and propecia protect Antarctic ocean life dashed conservationists' hopes for new marine protected areas in the Southern Ocean. The Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR) concluded Friday after a week of virtual negotiations among its 26 member nations. It declined to approve three proposals for marine protected areas biotin and propecia near Antarctica. The commission, established in 1982 as part of the Antarctic Treaty System, is charged with conserving marine life around the southern continent and sustainably managing the region's fish stocks. Those responsibilities include the power to designate marine protected areas, or MPAs, around Antarctica, if all member states collectively agree.

So far, there are just two biotin and propecia in existence. One in the Ross Sea and one around the South Orkney Islands north of the Antarctic Peninsula. This year's meeting included proposals for three additional MPAs. One off the coast of East Antarctica, one in the Weddell Sea and one biotin and propecia around the Antarctic Peninsula. Scientists warn that a combination of climate change, fishing and other human activities around Antarctica could be disrupting the region's delicate ecosystems.

The Antarctic Peninsula in particular is a region that may be especially vulnerable to human disturbances in the coming decades, researchers say (Climatewire, Oct. 26). For decades, the peninsula was one of the fastest-warming parts of the globe. In recent years, the warming trend has dampened, likely due in part to atmospheric changes caused by the recovery of the Antarctic ozone hole. Still, temperatures there have already risen substantially — this year brought record-high temperatures to the peninsula — and scientists expect the region to continue heating up in the coming decades.

As the waters warm and Antarctic sea ice declines, researchers are concerned that krill populations around the peninsula could start to shrink. These tiny, shrimplike creatures form the backbone of the Antarctic ecosystem, providing food for everything from whales to penguins. At the same time, krill fishing around the peninsula is on the rise. Some scientists have expressed concern that the combination of increased fishing and climate change could be a major threat to Antarctic marine life. A marine protected area, according to some, could help reduce the risk of overfishing and protect vital krill populations.

Earlier this month, a group of nine scientists published a comment in the journal Nature urging CCAMLR delegates to adopt the proposed Antarctic Peninsula MPA. The meeting concluded Friday without designating any new MPAs. All the proposed MPAs had been on the table for the past several years. Each year, they've all fallen short of the consensus needed to pass them. That's despite a show of support from most member nations this year, according to Andrea Kavanagh, director of Antarctic and Southern Ocean conservation work at the Pew Charitable Trusts, which advocates for more Southern Ocean MPAs.

Kavanagh attended the virtual proceedings last week. The MPAs failed to gain the necessary support from Russia and China, she said, pointing to nations that have blocked proposed MPAs in the past. But Kavanagh added that there may be hope for progress next year, which will be CCAMLR's 40th meeting, and the 60th anniversary of the Antarctic Treaty System. "[A]lthough no MPA designations took place this year, Norway and Uruguay signed on as new co-sponsors of the East Antarctic MPA, while Australia and Uruguay did the same for the Weddell Sea MPA," Kavanagh said in an email to E&E News. "It is some progress and I hope it sets us up for an increased diplomatic outreach at the highest levels to get these done in 2021." Reprinted from Climatewire with permission from E&E News.

E&E provides daily coverage of essential energy and environmental news at www.eenews.net.Psychedelics are psychoactive substances that historically have attracted exaggerations of benefits as well as alarmism. As with most subjects that bring out extreme views, the scientific data provide a more grounded perspective. Sometimes, the scientific data require further clarification. We are responding to a thought-provoking opinion piece by Eddie Jacobs published on October 11, 2020 entitled “What if a Pill Can Change Your Politics or Religious Beliefs?. Some could mistakenly take away from the piece an unrealistic impression that is not supported by the scientific data.

We worry that this may lead to alarmist reactions. Jacobs’ piece raises ethical questions regarding emerging research suggesting psychedelics may be effective psychiatric treatments. Specifically, the concern is that psychedelic therapy could shift patients’ political beliefs “in one direction along the political spectrum” or “change [their] religious beliefs.” We agree that as with any emerging medical treatment, psychedelic therapy prompts important ethical considerations. However, we believe that the possibility implied in the headline––that psychedelics prompt substantial change in political and religious beliefs or affiliations––is not supported by the current scientific data. To be clear, Jacobs did not mention affiliations, but we believe readers might reasonably take away this interpretation.

We suggest that there is no evidence that people change political or religious affiliations from psychedelic treatments, and current evidence for other kinds of belief changes is weak. Below, we address the three major studies mentioned in the original article. The concern about political beliefs largely rests on evidence from a small pilot study of psilocybin for treating depression. The study showed an average reduction on a measure of “authoritarianism” from baseline to one week after psilocybin in seven people. Authoritarianism, as it is operationalized here using five questions that were reduced from the original version of the scale, likely does not fit neatly into a particular political party.

Many people, for example, would likely disagree with the scale item “The law should always be obeyed, even if a particular law is wrong,” regardless of political affiliation. It is also not clear that a reduction in authoritarianism (or increase in libertarianism or social/moral liberalism, the other end of the scale spectrum) holds a relation to present political affiliations. There are abundant historical examples of both left-wing and right-wing authoritarian governments (for example, communism and fascism, respectively). Moreover, in a country such as the United States, the major left-and right-leaning parties have generally had no universal leaning toward either individual freedom or state control. The position taken along this continuum is highly dependent on the subject (for example, business regulation, abortion, gun control, social constraints on sexual behavior).

In fact, the developers of the scale in question preferred not to use the term “liberal” in reference to the scale because that term had a political meaning in the United States that went beyond what the scale measures. Beyond the theoretical issues with mapping authoritarianism onto present political parties, there are also statistical concerns with this study. The finding about reduced authoritarianism barely met the threshold of significance –– and with a one-tailed t-test. A one-tailed test provides a lower standard for achieving significance compared to the much more common two-tailed test. It is unclear if the reduction would have been significant with a two-tailed test.

In any case, the effect did not last. At the 7–12 month follow-up the decrease was not significant, even according to the lower standards of the one-tailed test. Jacobs’ piece alluded to another study about political beliefs, a 1971 study exploring the association between LSD increased liberalism. This study compared three groups. 1) people who had taken LSD as a medical treatment, 2) people who had taken LSD on their own, and 3) people who had not used LSD.

Only those who had taken LSD on their own indicated more support for policies like “individual freedom” and “foreign policy liberalism” compared to those who had not taken LSD. It is possible that those who were willing to take LSD outside of medical treatment may have already been more influenced by the liberal hippie movement that encouraged these beliefs at that time (Jacobs notes that this is correlational and not causal data). Importantly, no differences were found in this study between the political beliefs of those who received LSD under medical treatment compared to those who did not take LSD. Therefore, this study actually suggests that medical psychedelic treatments do not alter political beliefs!. In terms of religious beliefs, Jacobs’ piece points to a concern about belief change on the basis of a survey study by our group at Johns Hopkins.

This survey specifically recruited individuals who had a “God encounter experience” after taking a psychedelic outside of a research context. Before having such an experience during their psychedelic session, 21 percent retrospectively identified as atheist, whereas only 8 percent did after the experience. This decrease was accompanied by a decrease in identification with major religions, alongside increases in spiritual types of self-identification. Crucially though, this study was in no way representative of the general public, as only people who reported encountering “God” or a similar phenomenon were included in the study. This was a very specific sample of people reporting a special kind of experience or interpretation of experience.

The study cannot provide an estimate of population rates. Belief changes of a religious type would, of course, be massively inflated in this sample, and it is therefore not appropriate to draw generalized conclusions about belief change from psychedelic treatments based on these data. Lastly, the piece cites the observation that under clinical conditions psychedelics increase, on average, a personality trait called openness to experience, a finding first reported by our group at Johns Hopkins and now replicated by others. Unlike the political and religious effects, this phenomenon appears more robust. However, while psychedelics might be unique in their ability to prompt a change in a personality trait with a short-term clinical procedure, they are not the only clinical intervention that can cause changes in personality traits.

A large meta-analysis of over 200 published studies examining the effect of psychiatric treatments on personality traits found that personality was indeed changed. Regardless of whether the intervention was a psychotherapy or a medication such as a traditional antidepressant drug, these changes reached a moderate effect size for increases in the trait of emotional stability, similar to the effect size observed for the increase in personality openness to experience from psilocybin. Lastly, the correlation between openness to experience and liberal political views is small, accounting for only around 2 percent of the relationship between the two variables. In other words, the pathway from psychedelics through openness to experience to political belief change is, for all practical purposes, negligible. While data from studies are always paramount, we note that in the first author’s experience interacting with hundreds of psilocybin study participants, he does not recall any spontaneous claims of changed political or religious affiliation in either direction.

Our primary point here is that that existing data do not suggest that meaningful changes in religious or political beliefs are likely from psychedelic therapy––and certainly not changes in political or religious affiliation. There is some evidence that psychedelic therapy can prompt changes in one’s sense of spirituality, but this term is so broadly and variously defined that it does not even necessarily relate to supernatural beliefs, and it can refer to things like one’s values or sense of connection. As with many interventions, there are cases in which individuals change in their values, attitudes and/or beliefs after a psychedelic experience. The frequency and magnitude of these occurrences are empirical questions for future research to address, but the current data simply do not support the idea that psychedelic treatments result in meaningful changes in political or religious beliefs or affiliation. Psychedelic medicine, like any new treatment, no doubt raises important and challenging ethical issues.

Consent procedures in psychedelic trials by our research group (and by other groups to our knowledge) already warn that personality and attitude changes are a possibility. Of course, this should also be done with patients if psychedelics are approved as medicine. Psychedelic experiences are sometimes held as among the most meaningful in one’s life, and may be interpreted to have philosophical or spiritual import, likely depending on the orientation of the participant. Such effects present the opportunity for ethical pitfalls by clinicians. These and other challenges will call for important contributions from ethicists.

However, we must also be careful to keep any given concern in perspective and convey realistic risks to the public and patients. From this perspective, we believe, based on the data, that major shifts in political or religious orientation or beliefs are not among the likely risks associated with this treatment. As psychedelic researchers, we believe it is important to remain vigilant against excesses in enthusiasm as well as alarmism.In 1878 in Sweden, a 10th-century Viking warrior was discovered in a grave packed with weapons, hinting at high military status. The assumption for the next century was that this individual was male. Questions about the warrior’s sex arose in 1970s, and DNA analysis conclusively upended the belief in 2017, showing that the grave’s occupant was female.

The sex determination took so long largely because modern assumptions about gender roles—in this case, that all high-status warriors are men–got in the way of the science. Across the Atlantic in the Americas, early human burial sites are revealing a similar pattern. Applying modern assumptions about gender roles can lead to misconceptions. In findings published on November 4 in Science Advances, Randall Haas, an anthropologist at the University of California, Davis, and his colleagues describe a 9,000-year-old burial site for a young female individual interred with big-game-hunting tools. When the researchers analyzed this site with 17 others in the American continents, they found what they call “parity” between male and female individuals with hunting roles.

The results bury a too broad generalization about early people. That men were hunters and women were “gatherers.” Pamela Geller, an associate professor of anthropology at the University of Miami, who was not involved in the study, says the findings “substantiate what feminist scholars have been saying for several decades” about early female roles as hunters. The newly identified female hunter was found in one of two Andean burial sites that Haas and his colleagues excavated near Lake Titicaca in southern Peru. One contained the remains of a man who was aged 25 to 30 years at death and interred with a few hunting-associated items. The other remains were of a teenager who “was clearly ceremoniously laid to rest with a set of tools that had a lot of utility,” Haas says.

As with the Viking warrior, the researchers initially assumed the second grave contained a male individual because of the careful interment with costly tools associated with hunting large animals such as deer and vicuña. A close look at the scant bone samples from the second grave suggested that the person’s sex was female, however. Analysis of proteins from the teeth, which are present in a sex-based pattern, confirmed it. That recognition led the team to analyze information from all known burial sites in the Americas for individuals whose sex had been determined and where hunting tools were present. Among 18 sites meeting these criteria, 15 contained 16 remains identified as male, and 10 had 11 remains identified as female.

The scientists ran models with this information to estimate how likely an individual was to be female, given a range of female participation in hunting from 0 to 100 percent. They found that with the rate of female skeletons associated with hunting tools, female and male individuals were equally likely to be hunters. The implication was that equal-opportunity hunting roles might have been common among early humans in the Americas. The blending of hunting roles regardless of sex is not especially surprising, says Kathleen Sterling, an associate professor of anthropology at Binghamton University, State University of New York, who was not involved in the study. Individual skill and strength likely did not matter as much as the number of participants, for example, in efforts to drive animals off a cliff or into a trap.

Regardless of the sex of the skeletons, this work does not address how these cultures defined or assigned gender, says Charlotte Hedenstierna-Jonson, a senior researcher at the department of archaeology and ancient history at Uppsala University in Sweden. She was not involved in the new paper but was first author of the 2017 study on the Viking warrior DNA. Today’s humans can determine biological sex with modern analyses, she says, but modern eyes may see gender very differently from how early humans did. €œWe must remember that it is our understanding that we’re processing, not theirs,” when considering gender roles in early human societies, she says. Researchers have “at some level” projected sex onto behavior in inaccurate ways for early humans in the Americas, Haas says.

What is important is challenging these assumptions with actual observation, he says, because “through that process, we arrive closer to the truth.”I’m a compulsive journal-scribbler. This habit, which goes back to my teens, has proved useful to my career. All my articles and books start as journal entries. But my motivation is not merely professional. If I don’t record my thoughts, I won’t remember them, and they won’t matter.

So I fear. This feeling has grown as I’ve aged. Compounding my concern is the possibility—no, probability—that one day humanity and all its residues will vanish. Our works of science, mathematics, philosophy, art, music and, yes, journalism will slip back into the void whence they came. Everything we have thought and done will be for naught.

If nothing about us endures, if nothing is remembered, we might as well never have existed. No wonder so many of us, even in this age of scientific materialism, still believe in God. An immortal, omniscient being watches over each and every one of us, and not just celebrities like Einstein and Beyonce. He/she/it/they also surely remembers us after we’re gone, like a cosmic backup device with infinite storage capacity. Supposedly.

If this divine entity does not exist, and someday all traces of us disappear forever, in what sense do our lives matter?. Scientists are not immune to such anxieties. Existential angst, I suspect, accounts for physicists’ belief in conservation of information. I first heard about this proposition years ago, but I’ve only given it serious consideration over the last few months, which I’ve spent trying to learn quantum mechanics. Two of my main texts are The Theoretical Minimum books on classical and quantum mechanics by Stanford physicist Leonard Susskind (with two co-authors).

Susskind imparts “what you need to know to start doing physics.” One thing we definitely need to know, according to Susskind, is that “information is never lost.” This law, Susskind asserts, “underlies everything else.” Conservation of information is more fundamental, he says, than Newton’s first law (motion is conserved). The first law of thermodynamics (energy is conserved). And what is sometimes called the zeroth law of thermodynamics (if systems A and B are in equilibrium with C, then A and B are in equilibrium with each other). Hence Susskind calls conservation of information the “minus-first law.” The minus-first law encompasses the principle of determinism, which holds that if you know the current state of a system, you know all of its past and future. The French polymath Simon-Pierre LaPlace famously spelled out the implications of determinism over 200 years ago.

€œAn intellect which at a certain moment would know all forces that set nature in motion, and all positions of all items of which nature is composed, if this intellect were also vast enough to submit these data to analysis, it would embrace in a single formula the movements of the greatest bodies of the universe and those of the tiniest atom. For such an intellect nothing would be uncertain and the future just like the past would be present before its eyes.” This omniscient “intellect” has come to be known as LaPlace’s demon. Susskind insists that quantum mechanics, although not deterministic in the same way as classical mechanics, still conforms to the minus-first law. In a 2008 interview he said the minus-first law “underpins everything, including classical physics, thermodynamics, quantum mechanics, energy conservation, that physicists have believed for hundreds of years.” In the 1980s Stephen Hawking challenged the minus-first law, claiming that black holes destroy information. Hawking’s hypothesis “touched off a crisis in physics, a clash of basic principles like no other since Einstein was young,” Susskind said in 2008.

He rebutted Hawking in papers and a popular book, The Black Hole War. My Battle with Stephen Hawking to Make the World Safe for Quantum Mechanics. All the information sucked into a black hole, Susskind argues, is preserved in its outer membrane, or “event horizon,” where space and time undergo bizarre distortions. In a review of Black Hole War, journalist George Johnson bravely takes a stab at explaining Susskind’s thesis. €œA description of everything that falls into a black hole, whether a book or an entire civilization, is recorded on the surface of its horizon and radiated back like imagery on a giant drive-in movie screen.” Susskind, as you might guess from Johnson’s review, is fond of theories that cannot be empirically tested and hence potentially falsified.

In his 2005 book The Cosmic Landscape, Susskind contends that our universe is just a hillock in an infinite landscape of universes. This proposal is pure speculation, and hence arguably unscientific, because we have no way to prove or disprove the existence of other universes. Perhaps Susskind and other physicists don’t want us lay folk to take ideas like the multiverse or minus-first law too seriously. Maybe these are just metaphors, poetic fancies, like the Holy Ghost in Catholicism. But physicists seem to pride themselves on saying what they mean.

So, I’m going to take Susskind at his word when he declares that “information is never lost.” Let me tease out the implications of that remarkable statement. First, as I have argued previously, the concept of information doesn’t make any sense in the absence of something to be informed, that is, a mind. Information requires—it presupposes—consciousness. So, if information is conserved, so is consciousness. If consciousness exists now, it must always exist.

Or so the minus-first law implies. In fact, many scientists and philosophers have proposed that consciousness is as fundamental as matter, or even more fundamental. I’ve lumped these speculations together under the label neo-geocentrism, because they resurrect the ancient, narcissistic notion that the universe revolves around us. Neo-geocentric theories represent attempts to sneak a consoling religious assumption—this universe is all about us—back into science, and so does conservation of information. If I had to rank laws of physics, I’d go with the second law of thermodynamics, which holds that disorder, or entropy, always increases.

Our expanding cosmos is headed toward heat death, a state of terminal boringness, in which nothing ever happens. The second law of thermodynamics, evidence for which I see whenever I look in the mirror or read the news, trumps the minus-first law. Actually, I’m suspicious of all “laws” of physics, which strike me as manifestations of scientific hubris. Scientists take an assumption that applies under certain very tightly controlled conditions, usually with lots of qualifications, and transform it into a cosmic principle that applies to all things at all times in all places. But I’m especially skeptical of the minus-first law.

Never mind Hawking’s conjecture that black holes destroy information. I’m worried about far more mundane processes. Three years ago, strokes severely damaged my father’s memory, making it hard for him to recognize me and my siblings. Last June he died, at the age of 96, and my stepmother had his body cremated. My father persists, sort of, in the fragmentary, fading recollections of those who loved him.

Polymath Douglas Hofstadter coined the heartbreaking phrase “soular coronas” to describe our memories of those eclipsed by death. But one day we’ll die too. The minus-first law implies that the universe will bear the imprint of my father’s life forever. Long after our sun and even the entire Milky Way have flickered out, aliens with the godlike powers of LaPlace’s demon could in principle (that handy, all-purpose hedge) reconstruct the lives of my father and every other person who has ever lived. That’s a nice thought (which inspired the 1996 book The Physics of Immortality by physicist Frank Tipler.) But I don’t buy conservation of information any more than I buy reincarnation or heaven—or a god who cherishes us.

These propositions, scientific and religious, represent understandable but finally unpersuasive attempts at consolation. My contemplation of the inevitable loss of everyone and everything I love unsettles me. But I’d rather face death squarely than take refuge in false assurances from priests or physicists. In The Black Hole War, Susskind strikes a rare (for him) note of humility. €œVery likely we are still confused beginners with very wrong mental pictures, and ultimate reality remains far beyond our grasp.” (I found this quote in a blog post by physicist Peter Woit.) On this point, Susskind and I agree.

Meanwhile, as my end looms, I keep frantically filling up notebooks. Further Reading. The Twilight of Science's High Priests The Delusion of Scientific Omniscience Multiverse Theories Are Bad for Science Can Mysticism Help Us Solve the Mind-Body Problem?. The Rise of Neo-Geocentrism Why information can't be the basis of reality Quantum Escapism My Quantum Experiment See also “Strange Loops All the Way Down,” a chapter in my free online book Mind-Body Problems..

Delegates attending an international meeting Diflucan buy in usa meant to protect Antarctic ocean life dashed cheap propecia canada conservationists' hopes for new marine protected areas in the Southern Ocean. The Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR) concluded Friday after a week of virtual negotiations among its 26 member nations. It declined to approve three proposals for marine protected cheap propecia canada areas near Antarctica. The commission, established in 1982 as part of the Antarctic Treaty System, is charged with conserving marine life around the southern continent and sustainably managing the region's fish stocks. Those responsibilities include the power to designate marine protected areas, or MPAs, around Antarctica, if all member states collectively agree.

So far, cheap propecia canada there are just two in existence. One in the Ross Sea and one around the South Orkney Islands north of the Antarctic Peninsula. This year's meeting included proposals for three additional MPAs. One off the coast of East Antarctica, one in the Weddell Sea and one around the Antarctic cheap propecia canada Peninsula. Scientists warn that a combination of climate change, fishing and other human activities around Antarctica could be disrupting the region's delicate ecosystems.

The Antarctic Peninsula in particular is a region that may be especially vulnerable to human disturbances in the coming decades, researchers say (Climatewire, Oct. 26). For decades, the peninsula was one of the fastest-warming parts of the globe. In recent years, the warming trend has dampened, likely due in part to atmospheric changes caused by the recovery of the Antarctic ozone hole. Still, temperatures there have already risen substantially — this year brought record-high temperatures to the peninsula — and scientists expect the region to continue heating up in the coming decades.

As the waters warm and Antarctic sea ice declines, researchers are concerned that krill populations around the peninsula could start to shrink. These tiny, shrimplike creatures form the backbone of the Antarctic ecosystem, providing food for everything from whales to penguins. At the same time, krill fishing around the peninsula is on the rise. Some scientists have expressed concern that the combination of increased fishing and climate change could be a major threat to Antarctic marine life. A marine protected area, according to some, could help reduce the risk of overfishing and protect vital krill populations.

Earlier this month, a group of nine scientists published a comment in the journal Nature urging CCAMLR delegates to adopt the proposed Antarctic Peninsula MPA. The meeting concluded Friday without designating any new MPAs. All the proposed MPAs had been on the table for the past several years. Each year, they've all fallen short of the consensus needed to pass them. That's despite a show of support from most member nations this year, according to Andrea Kavanagh, director of Antarctic and Southern Ocean conservation work at the Pew Charitable Trusts, which advocates for more Southern Ocean MPAs.

Kavanagh attended the virtual proceedings last week. The MPAs failed to gain the necessary support from Russia and China, she said, pointing to nations that have blocked proposed MPAs in the past. But Kavanagh added that there may be hope for progress next year, which will be CCAMLR's 40th meeting, and the 60th anniversary of the Antarctic Treaty System. "[A]lthough no MPA designations took place this year, Norway and Uruguay signed on as new co-sponsors of the East Antarctic MPA, while Australia and Uruguay did the same for the Weddell Sea MPA," Kavanagh said in an email to E&E News. "It is some progress and I hope it sets us up for an increased diplomatic outreach at the highest levels to get these done in 2021." Reprinted from Climatewire with permission from E&E News.

E&E provides daily coverage of essential energy and environmental news at www.eenews.net.Psychedelics are psychoactive substances that historically have attracted exaggerations of benefits as well as alarmism. As with most subjects that bring out extreme views, the scientific data provide a more grounded perspective. Sometimes, the scientific data require further clarification. We are responding to a thought-provoking opinion piece by Eddie Jacobs published on October 11, 2020 entitled “What if a Pill Can Change Your Politics or Religious Beliefs?. Some could mistakenly take away from the piece an unrealistic impression that is not supported by the scientific data.

We worry that this may lead to alarmist reactions. Jacobs’ piece raises ethical questions regarding emerging research suggesting psychedelics may be effective psychiatric treatments. Specifically, the concern is that psychedelic therapy could shift patients’ political beliefs “in one direction along the political spectrum” or “change [their] religious beliefs.” We agree that as with any emerging medical treatment, psychedelic therapy prompts important ethical considerations. However, we believe that the possibility implied in the headline––that psychedelics prompt substantial change in political and religious beliefs or affiliations––is not supported by the current scientific data. To be clear, Jacobs did not mention affiliations, but we believe readers might reasonably take away this interpretation.

We suggest that there is no evidence that people change political or religious affiliations from psychedelic treatments, and current evidence for other kinds of belief changes is weak. Below, we address the three major studies mentioned in the original article. The concern about political beliefs largely rests on evidence from a small pilot study of psilocybin for treating depression. The study showed an average reduction on a measure of “authoritarianism” from baseline to one week after psilocybin in seven people. Authoritarianism, as it is operationalized here using five questions that were reduced from the original version of the scale, likely does not fit neatly into a particular political party.

Many people, for example, would likely disagree with the scale item “The law should always be obeyed, even if a particular law is wrong,” regardless of political affiliation. It is also not clear that a reduction in authoritarianism (or increase in libertarianism or social/moral liberalism, the other end of the scale spectrum) holds a relation to present political affiliations. There are abundant historical examples of both left-wing and right-wing authoritarian governments (for example, communism and fascism, respectively). Moreover, in a country such as the United States, the major left-and right-leaning parties have generally had no universal leaning toward either individual freedom or state control. The position taken along this continuum is highly dependent on the subject (for example, business regulation, abortion, gun control, social constraints on sexual behavior).

In fact, the developers of the scale in question preferred not to use the term “liberal” in reference to the scale because that term had a political meaning in the United States that went beyond what the scale measures. Beyond the theoretical issues with mapping authoritarianism onto present political parties, there are also statistical concerns with this study. The finding about reduced authoritarianism barely met the threshold of significance –– and with a one-tailed t-test. A one-tailed test provides a lower standard for achieving significance compared to the much more common two-tailed test. It is unclear if the reduction would have been significant with a two-tailed test.

In any case, the effect did not last. At the 7–12 month follow-up the decrease was not significant, even according to the lower standards of the one-tailed test. Jacobs’ piece alluded to another study about political beliefs, a 1971 study exploring the association between LSD increased liberalism. This study compared three groups. 1) people who had taken LSD as a medical treatment, 2) people who had taken LSD on their own, and 3) people who had not used LSD.

Only those who had taken LSD on their own indicated more support for policies like “individual freedom” and “foreign policy liberalism” compared to those who had not taken LSD. It is possible that those who were willing to take LSD outside of medical treatment may have already been more influenced by the liberal hippie movement that encouraged these beliefs at that time (Jacobs notes that this is correlational and not causal data). Importantly, no differences were found in this study between the political beliefs of those who received LSD under medical treatment compared to those who did not take LSD. Therefore, this study actually suggests that medical psychedelic treatments do not alter political beliefs!. In terms of religious beliefs, Jacobs’ piece points to a concern about belief change on the basis of a survey study by our group at Johns Hopkins.

This survey specifically recruited individuals who had a “God encounter experience” after taking a psychedelic outside of a research context. Before having such an experience during their psychedelic session, 21 percent retrospectively identified as atheist, whereas only 8 percent did after the experience. This decrease was accompanied by a decrease in identification with major religions, alongside increases in spiritual types of self-identification. Crucially though, this study was in no way representative of the general public, as only people who reported encountering “God” or a similar phenomenon were included in the study. This was a very specific sample of people reporting a special kind of experience or interpretation of experience.

The study cannot provide an estimate of population rates. Belief changes of a religious type would, of course, be massively inflated in this sample, and it is therefore not appropriate to draw generalized conclusions about belief change from psychedelic treatments based on these data. Lastly, the piece cites the observation that under clinical conditions psychedelics increase, on average, a personality trait called openness to experience, a finding first reported by our group at Johns Hopkins and now replicated by others. Unlike the political and religious effects, this phenomenon appears more robust. However, while psychedelics might be unique in their ability to prompt a change in a personality trait with a short-term clinical procedure, they are not the only clinical intervention that can cause changes in personality traits.

A large meta-analysis of over 200 published studies examining the effect of psychiatric treatments on personality traits found that personality was indeed changed. Regardless of whether the intervention was a psychotherapy or a medication such as a traditional antidepressant drug, these changes reached a moderate effect size for increases in the trait of emotional stability, similar to the effect size observed for the increase in personality openness to experience from psilocybin. Lastly, the correlation between openness to experience and liberal political views is small, accounting for only around 2 percent of the relationship between the two variables. In other words, the pathway from psychedelics through openness to experience to political belief change is, for all practical purposes, negligible. While data from studies are always paramount, we note that in the first author’s experience interacting with hundreds of psilocybin study participants, he does not recall any spontaneous claims of changed political or religious affiliation in either direction.

Our primary point here is that that existing data do not suggest that meaningful changes in religious or political beliefs are likely from psychedelic therapy––and certainly not changes in political or religious affiliation. There is some evidence that psychedelic therapy can prompt changes in one’s sense of spirituality, but this term is so broadly and variously defined that it does not even necessarily relate to supernatural beliefs, and it can refer to things like one’s values or sense of connection. As with many interventions, there are cases in which individuals change in their values, attitudes and/or beliefs after a psychedelic experience. The frequency and magnitude of these occurrences are empirical questions for future research to address, but the current data simply do not support the idea that psychedelic treatments result in meaningful changes in political or religious beliefs or affiliation. Psychedelic medicine, like any new treatment, no doubt raises important and challenging ethical issues.

Consent procedures in psychedelic trials by our research group (and by other groups to our knowledge) already warn that personality and attitude changes are a possibility. Of course, this should also be done with patients if psychedelics are approved as medicine. Psychedelic experiences are sometimes held as among the most meaningful in one’s life, and may be interpreted to have philosophical or spiritual import, likely depending on the orientation of the participant. Such effects present the opportunity for ethical pitfalls by clinicians. These and other challenges will call for important contributions from ethicists.

However, we must also be careful to keep any given concern in perspective and convey realistic risks to the public and patients. From this perspective, we believe, based on the data, that major shifts in political or religious orientation or beliefs are not among the likely risks associated with this treatment. As psychedelic researchers, we believe it is important to remain vigilant against excesses in enthusiasm as well as alarmism.In 1878 in Sweden, a 10th-century Viking warrior was discovered in a grave packed with weapons, hinting at high military status. The assumption for the next century was that this individual was male. Questions about the warrior’s sex arose in 1970s, and DNA analysis conclusively upended the belief in 2017, showing that the grave’s occupant was female.

The sex determination took so long largely because modern assumptions about gender roles—in this case, that all high-status warriors are men–got in the way of the science. Across the Atlantic in the Americas, early human burial sites are revealing a similar pattern. Applying modern assumptions about gender roles can lead to misconceptions. In findings published on November 4 in Science Advances, Randall Haas, an anthropologist at the University of California, Davis, and his colleagues describe a 9,000-year-old burial site for a young female individual interred with big-game-hunting tools. When the researchers analyzed this site with 17 others in the American continents, they found what they call “parity” between male and female individuals with hunting roles.

The results bury a too broad generalization about early people. That men were hunters and women were “gatherers.” Pamela Geller, an associate professor of anthropology at the University of Miami, who was not involved in the study, says the findings “substantiate what feminist scholars have been saying for several decades” about early female roles as hunters. The newly identified female hunter was found in one of two Andean burial sites that Haas and his colleagues excavated near Lake Titicaca in southern Peru. One contained the remains of a man who was aged 25 to 30 years at death and interred with a few hunting-associated items. The other remains were of a teenager who “was clearly ceremoniously laid to rest with a set of tools that had a lot of utility,” Haas says.

As with the Viking warrior, the researchers initially assumed the second grave contained a male individual because of the careful interment with costly tools associated with hunting large animals such as deer and vicuña. A close look at the scant bone samples from the second grave suggested that the person’s sex was female, however. Analysis of proteins from the teeth, which are present in a sex-based pattern, confirmed it. That recognition led the team to analyze information from all known burial sites in the Americas for individuals whose sex had been determined and where hunting tools were present. Among 18 sites meeting these criteria, 15 contained 16 remains identified as male, and 10 had 11 remains identified as female.

The scientists ran models with this information to estimate how likely an individual was to be female, given a range of female participation in hunting from 0 to 100 percent. They found that with the rate of female skeletons associated with hunting tools, female and male individuals were equally likely to be hunters. The implication was that equal-opportunity hunting roles might have been common among early humans in the Americas. The blending of hunting roles regardless of sex is not especially surprising, says Kathleen Sterling, an associate professor of anthropology at Binghamton University, State University of New York, who was not involved in the study. Individual skill and strength likely did not matter as much as the number of participants, for example, in efforts to drive animals off a cliff or into a trap.

Regardless of the sex of the skeletons, this work does not address how these cultures defined or assigned gender, says Charlotte Hedenstierna-Jonson, a senior researcher at the department of archaeology and ancient history at Uppsala University in Sweden. She was not involved in the new paper but was first author of the 2017 study on the Viking warrior DNA. Today’s humans can determine biological sex with modern analyses, she says, but modern eyes may see gender very differently from how early humans did. €œWe must remember that it is our understanding that we’re processing, not theirs,” when considering gender roles in early human societies, she says. Researchers have “at some level” projected sex onto behavior in inaccurate ways for early humans in the Americas, Haas says.

What is important is challenging these assumptions with actual observation, he says, because “through that process, we arrive closer to the truth.”I’m a compulsive journal-scribbler. This habit, which goes back to my teens, has proved useful to my career. All my articles and books start as journal entries. But my motivation is not merely professional. If I don’t record my thoughts, I won’t remember them, and they won’t matter.

So I fear. This feeling has grown as I’ve aged. Compounding my concern is the possibility—no, probability—that one day humanity and all its residues will vanish. Our works of science, mathematics, philosophy, art, music and, yes, journalism will slip back into the void whence they came. Everything we have thought and done will be for naught.

If nothing about us endures, if nothing is remembered, we might as well never have existed. No wonder so many of us, even in this age of scientific materialism, still believe in God. An immortal, omniscient being watches over each and every one of us, and not just celebrities like Einstein and Beyonce. He/she/it/they also surely remembers us after we’re gone, like a cosmic backup device with infinite storage capacity. Supposedly.

If this divine entity does not exist, and someday all traces of us disappear forever, in what sense do our lives matter?. Scientists are not immune to such anxieties. Existential angst, I suspect, accounts for physicists’ belief in conservation of information. I first heard about this proposition years ago, but I’ve only given it serious consideration over the last few months, which I’ve spent trying to learn quantum mechanics. Two of my main texts are The Theoretical Minimum books on classical and quantum mechanics by Stanford physicist Leonard Susskind (with two co-authors).

Susskind imparts “what you need to know to start doing physics.” One thing we definitely need to know, according to Susskind, is that “information is never lost.” This law, Susskind asserts, “underlies everything else.” Conservation of information is more fundamental, he says, than Newton’s first law (motion is conserved). The first law of thermodynamics (energy is conserved). And what is sometimes called the zeroth law of thermodynamics (if systems A and B are in equilibrium with C, then A and B are in equilibrium with each other). Hence Susskind calls conservation of information the “minus-first law.” The minus-first law encompasses the principle of determinism, which holds that if you know the current state of a system, you know all of its past and future. The French polymath Simon-Pierre LaPlace famously spelled out the implications of determinism over 200 years ago.

€œAn intellect which at a certain moment would know all forces that set nature in motion, and all positions of all items of which nature is composed, if this intellect were also vast enough to submit these data to analysis, it would embrace in a single formula the movements of the greatest bodies of the universe and those of the tiniest atom. For such an intellect nothing would be uncertain and the future just like the past would be present before its eyes.” This omniscient “intellect” has come to be known as LaPlace’s demon. Susskind insists that quantum mechanics, although not deterministic in the same way as classical mechanics, still conforms to the minus-first law. In a 2008 interview he said the minus-first law “underpins everything, including classical physics, thermodynamics, quantum mechanics, energy conservation, that physicists have believed for hundreds of years.” In the 1980s Stephen Hawking challenged the minus-first law, claiming that black holes destroy information. Hawking’s hypothesis “touched off a crisis in physics, a clash of basic principles like no other since Einstein was young,” Susskind said in 2008.

He rebutted Hawking in papers and a popular book, The Black Hole War. My Battle with Stephen Hawking to Make the World Safe for Quantum Mechanics. All the information sucked into a black hole, Susskind argues, is preserved in its outer membrane, or “event horizon,” where space and time undergo bizarre distortions. In a review of Black Hole War, journalist George Johnson bravely takes a stab at explaining Susskind’s thesis. €œA description of everything that falls into a black hole, whether a book or an entire civilization, is recorded on the surface of its horizon and radiated back like imagery on a giant drive-in movie screen.” Susskind, as you might guess from Johnson’s review, is fond of theories that cannot be empirically tested and hence potentially falsified.

In his 2005 book The Cosmic Landscape, Susskind contends that our universe is just a hillock in an infinite landscape of universes. This proposal is pure speculation, and hence arguably unscientific, because we have no way to prove or disprove the existence of other universes. Perhaps Susskind and other physicists don’t want us lay folk to take ideas like the multiverse or minus-first law too seriously. Maybe these are just metaphors, poetic fancies, like the Holy Ghost in Catholicism. But physicists seem to pride themselves on saying what they mean.

So, I’m going to take Susskind at his word when he declares that “information is never lost.” Let me tease out the implications of that remarkable statement. First, as I have argued previously, the concept of information doesn’t make any sense in the absence of something to be informed, that is, a mind. Information requires—it presupposes—consciousness. So, if information is conserved, so is consciousness. If consciousness exists now, it must always exist.

Or so the minus-first law implies. In fact, many scientists and philosophers have proposed that consciousness is as fundamental as matter, or even more fundamental. I’ve lumped these speculations together under the label neo-geocentrism, because they resurrect the ancient, narcissistic notion that the universe revolves around us. Neo-geocentric theories represent attempts to sneak a consoling religious assumption—this universe is all about us—back into science, and so does conservation of information. If I had to rank laws of physics, I’d go with the second law of thermodynamics, which holds that disorder, or entropy, always increases.

Our expanding cosmos is headed toward heat death, a state of terminal boringness, in which nothing ever happens. The second law of thermodynamics, evidence for which I see whenever I look in the mirror or read the news, trumps the minus-first law. Actually, I’m suspicious of all “laws” of physics, which strike me as manifestations of scientific hubris. Scientists take an assumption that applies under certain very tightly controlled conditions, usually with lots of qualifications, and transform it into a cosmic principle that applies to all things at all times in all places. But I’m especially skeptical of the minus-first law.

Never mind Hawking’s conjecture that black holes destroy information. I’m worried about far more mundane processes. Three years ago, strokes severely damaged my father’s memory, making it hard for him to recognize me and my siblings. Last June he died, at the age of 96, and my stepmother had his body cremated. My father persists, sort of, in the fragmentary, fading recollections of those who loved him.

Polymath Douglas Hofstadter coined the heartbreaking phrase “soular coronas” to describe our memories of those eclipsed by death. But one day we’ll die too. The minus-first law implies that the universe will bear the imprint of my father’s life forever. Long after our sun and even the entire Milky Way have flickered out, aliens with the godlike powers of LaPlace’s demon could in principle (that handy, all-purpose hedge) reconstruct the lives of my father and every other person who has ever lived. That’s a nice thought (which inspired the 1996 book The Physics of Immortality by physicist Frank Tipler.) But I don’t buy conservation of information any more than I buy reincarnation or heaven—or a god who cherishes us.

These propositions, scientific and religious, represent understandable but finally unpersuasive attempts at consolation. My contemplation of the inevitable loss of everyone and everything I love unsettles me. But I’d rather face death squarely than take refuge in false assurances from priests or physicists. In The Black Hole War, Susskind strikes a rare (for him) note of humility. €œVery likely we are still confused beginners with very wrong mental pictures, and ultimate reality remains far beyond our grasp.” (I found this quote in a blog post by physicist Peter Woit.) On this point, Susskind and I agree.

Meanwhile, as my end looms, I keep frantically filling up notebooks. Further Reading. The Twilight of Science's High Priests The Delusion of Scientific Omniscience Multiverse Theories Are Bad for Science Can Mysticism Help Us Solve the Mind-Body Problem?. The Rise of Neo-Geocentrism Why information can't be the basis of reality Quantum Escapism My Quantum Experiment See also “Strange Loops All the Way Down,” a chapter in my free online book Mind-Body Problems..

Does propecia stop frontal hair loss

To the how to get prescribed propecia Editor does propecia stop frontal hair loss. Since the deployment of the messenger RNA (mRNA) treatments against severe acute respiratory syndrome hair loss 2 (hair loss)1,2 in nursing homes nationwide starting in mid-December 2020, aggregate public data have shown decreases in the incidence of cases of hair loss does propecia stop frontal hair loss and related deaths.3 However, there have been minimal individual-level data available for understanding treatment effectiveness in nursing home residents, who were absent from the clinical trials and who often have reduced immune responses.4 Using electronic health record data from Genesis HealthCare, a large long-term care provider in the United States, we report the incidence of hair loss among vaccinated residents and unvaccinated residents of 280 nursing homes across 21 states. From immunization records, we identified residents who does propecia stop frontal hair loss had received at least one dose of mRNA treatment as of February 15, 2021. Those who had received does propecia stop frontal hair loss both doses by February 15, 2021. And those who were present at their facility on the day of the first vaccination clinic but who were not vaccinated as of March 31, 2021.

We identified incident hair loss s through March 31, 2021, on the basis of does propecia stop frontal hair loss polymerase-chain-reaction assay and antigen-test records. Residents were tested every 3 to 7 days when there were confirmed cases in their facility and were tested if they had any new symptoms does propecia stop frontal hair loss or potential exposure. Residents who had been infected in the 90 days before the study window were does propecia stop frontal hair loss excluded. We counted incident s after receipt of each dose among vaccinated residents and after the date of the first vaccination clinic among unvaccinated residents. Nurses assessed residents daily does propecia stop frontal hair loss and documented new symptoms in structured change-in-condition notes.

From these does propecia stop frontal hair loss notes, we deemed residents to be symptomatic if hair loss–related symptoms developed during the period from 5 days before to 14 days after a positive test. Detailed methods are described in the Supplementary Appendix, available with the full text does propecia stop frontal hair loss of this letter at NEJM.org. The sample included 18,242 residents who received at least one dose of mRNA treatment. 14,669 residents (80.4%) received the Pfizer–BioNTech treatment, and 3573 (19.6%) received the Moderna does propecia stop frontal hair loss treatment. Of these 18,242 residents, 13,048 does propecia stop frontal hair loss also received the second dose of treatment.

A total of 3990 residents does propecia stop frontal hair loss were unvaccinated. Table S1 in the Supplementary Appendix summarizes the characteristics of the residents. Table 1 does propecia stop frontal hair loss. Table 1 does propecia stop frontal hair loss. Incident hair loss among Nursing Home does propecia stop frontal hair loss Residents According to Vaccination Status.

The incidence of decreased over time among both vaccinated residents and unvaccinated residents (Table 1). After receipt of the first treatment dose, there were 822 does propecia stop frontal hair loss incident cases (4.5% of vaccinated residents) within 0 to 14 days and 250 cases (1.4%) at 15 to 28 days. Among the 13,048 residents who received both doses of treatment, there were 130 incident cases (1.0% of vaccinated does propecia stop frontal hair loss residents) within 0 to 14 days after receipt of the second dose and 38 cases (0.3%) after 14 days (which included 19 cases occurring 15 to 21 days after receipt of the second dose) (Fig. S1). Among unvaccinated residents, incident cases decreased from 173 cases (4.3% of unvaccinated residents) within 0 to 14 days after the first vaccination clinic to 12 cases (0.3%) at more than 42 days after the clinic.

Across all the study groups, most s were asymptomatic, and the incidence of both asymptomatic and symptomatic s decreased. Nursing homes that were located in counties with the highest incidence of hair loss had the most incident cases but still had large decreases (Table S2). We observed inconsistent patterns in the incidence of among residents relative to rates of vaccination among staff members (Table S3). These findings show the real-world effectiveness of the mRNA treatments in reducing the incidence of asymptomatic and symptomatic hair loss useful content s in a vulnerable nursing home population. Our observation of a reduced incidence of among unvaccinated residents suggests that robust treatment coverage among residents and staff, together with the continued use of face masks and other -control measures, is likely to afford protection for small numbers of unvaccinated residents in congregate settings.

Still, the continued observation of incident cases after vaccination highlights the critical need for ongoing vaccination programs and surveillance testing in nursing homes to mitigate future outbreaks. Elizabeth M. White, Ph.D., A.P.R.N.Xiaofei Yang, Sc.M.Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI [email protected]Carolyn Blackman, M.D.Richard A. Feifer, M.D., M.P.H.Genesis HealthCare, Kennett Square, PAStefan Gravenstein, M.D., M.P.H.Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RIVincent Mor, Ph.D.Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI Supported by grants (3P01AG027296-11S1 and U54063546-S5, to Dr. Mor) from the National Institute on Aging.

Disclosure forms provided by the authors are available with the full text of this letter at NEJM.org. This letter was published on May 19, 2021, at NEJM.org.4 References1. Baden LR, El Sahly HM, Essink B, et al. Efficacy and safety of the mRNA-1273 hair loss treatment. N Engl J Med 2021;384:403-416.2.

Polack FP, Thomas SJ, Kitchin N, et al. Safety and efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA hair loss treatment. N Engl J Med 2020;383:2603-2615.3. Chidambaram P, Garfield R, Neuman T, McDermott D, Rice C, Anderson E. New hair loss treatment cases and deaths among nursing home residents have dropped since vaccinations began.

Kaiser Family Foundation. March 3, 2021 (https://www.kff.org/hair loss-hair loss treatment/slide/new-hair loss treatment-cases-and-deaths-among-nursing-home-residents-have-dropped-since-vaccinations-began/).Google Scholar4. Fulop T, Pawelec G, Castle S, Loeb M. Immunosenescence and vaccination in nursing home residents. Clin Infect Dis 2009;48:443-448.10.1056/NEJMc2104849-t1Table 1.

Incident hair loss among Nursing Home Residents According to Vaccination Status.* VariableTotalAsymptomatichair lossSymptomatichair lossPercent of Infected Residents Who Were AsymptomaticResidents vaccinated with ≥1 doseNo. Of residents18,242Positive test after receipt of first dose — no. (%)At 0–14 days822 (4.5)587 (3.2)235 (1.3)71.4At 15–28 days250 (1.4)179 (1.0)71 (0.4)71.6Residents vaccinated with 2 dosesNo. Of residents13,048Positive test after receipt of second dose — no. (%)At 0–14 days130 (1.0)110 (0.8)20 (0.2)84.6At >14 days38 (0.3)29 (0.2)9 (0.1)76.3Unvaccinated residentsNo.

Of residents3,990Positive test after first vaccination clinic — no. (%)At 0–14 days173 (4.3)115 (2.9)58 (1.5)66.5At 15–28 days69 (1.7)42 (1.1)27 (0.7)60.9At 29–42 days16 (0.4)13 (0.3)3 (0.1)81.2At >42 days12 (0.3)10 (0.3)2 (0.1)83.3.

To the cheap propecia canada Editor. Since the deployment of the messenger RNA (mRNA) treatments against severe acute respiratory syndrome hair loss 2 (hair loss)1,2 in nursing homes nationwide starting in mid-December 2020, aggregate public data have shown decreases in the incidence of cases of hair loss and related deaths.3 However, there have been minimal individual-level data available for understanding treatment effectiveness in nursing home residents, who were absent from the clinical trials and who often have reduced immune responses.4 Using electronic health record data from Genesis HealthCare, a large long-term care provider in the United States, we report the incidence of hair loss among vaccinated residents and unvaccinated residents cheap propecia canada of 280 nursing homes across 21 states. From immunization records, cheap propecia canada we identified residents who had received at least one dose of mRNA treatment as of February 15, 2021. Those who cheap propecia canada had received both doses by February 15, 2021. And those who were present at their facility on the day of the first vaccination clinic but who were not vaccinated as of March 31, 2021.

We identified cheap propecia canada incident hair loss s through March 31, 2021, on the basis of polymerase-chain-reaction assay and antigen-test records. Residents were tested every 3 to 7 days when there cheap propecia canada were confirmed cases in their facility and were tested if they had any new symptoms or potential exposure. Residents who had been infected in the 90 days before the study window were cheap propecia canada excluded. We counted incident s after receipt of each dose among vaccinated residents and after the date of the first vaccination clinic among unvaccinated residents. Nurses assessed residents daily and documented new symptoms in structured change-in-condition cheap propecia canada notes.

From these notes, we deemed residents cheap propecia canada to be symptomatic if hair loss–related symptoms developed during the period from 5 days before to 14 days after a positive test. Detailed methods are described in the cheap propecia canada Supplementary Appendix, available with the full text of this letter at NEJM.org. The sample included 18,242 residents who received at least one dose of mRNA treatment. 14,669 residents cheap propecia canada (80.4%) received the Pfizer–BioNTech treatment, and 3573 (19.6%) received the Moderna treatment. Of these 18,242 cheap propecia canada residents, 13,048 also received the second dose of treatment.

A total of 3990 residents cheap propecia canada were unvaccinated. Table S1 in the Supplementary Appendix summarizes the characteristics of the residents. Table 1 cheap propecia canada. Table 1 cheap propecia canada. Incident hair loss among Nursing cheap propecia canada Home Residents According to Vaccination Status.

The incidence of decreased over time among both vaccinated residents and unvaccinated residents (Table 1). After receipt of the first treatment dose, there were 822 cheap propecia canada incident cases (4.5% of vaccinated residents) within 0 to 14 days and 250 cases (1.4%) at 15 to 28 days. Among the 13,048 residents who received both doses of treatment, cheap propecia canada there were 130 incident cases (1.0% of vaccinated residents) within 0 to 14 days after receipt of the second dose and 38 cases (0.3%) after 14 days (which included 19 cases occurring 15 to 21 days after receipt of the second dose) (Fig. S1). Among unvaccinated residents, incident cases decreased from 173 cases (4.3% of unvaccinated residents) within 0 to 14 days after the first vaccination clinic to 12 cases (0.3%) at more than 42 days after the clinic.

Across all the study groups, most s were asymptomatic, and the incidence of both asymptomatic and symptomatic s decreased. Nursing homes that were located in counties with the highest incidence of hair loss had the most incident cases but still had large decreases (Table S2). We observed inconsistent patterns in the incidence of among residents relative to rates of vaccination among staff members (Table S3). These findings show the real-world effectiveness of the mRNA treatments in reducing the incidence of asymptomatic and symptomatic hair loss s in a vulnerable nursing home population. Our observation of a reduced incidence of among unvaccinated residents suggests that robust treatment coverage among residents and staff, together with the continued use of face masks and other -control measures, is likely to afford protection for small numbers of unvaccinated residents in congregate settings.

Still, the continued observation of incident cases after vaccination highlights the critical need for ongoing vaccination programs and surveillance testing in nursing homes to mitigate future outbreaks. Elizabeth M. White, Ph.D., A.P.R.N.Xiaofei Yang, Sc.M.Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI [email protected]Carolyn Blackman, M.D.Richard A. Feifer, M.D., M.P.H.Genesis HealthCare, Kennett Square, PAStefan Gravenstein, M.D., M.P.H.Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RIVincent Mor, Ph.D.Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI Supported by grants (3P01AG027296-11S1 and U54063546-S5, to Dr. Mor) from the National Institute on Aging.

Disclosure forms provided by the authors are available with the full text of this letter at NEJM.org. This letter was published on May 19, 2021, at NEJM.org.4 References1. Baden LR, El Sahly HM, Essink B, et al. Efficacy and safety of the mRNA-1273 hair loss treatment. N Engl J Med 2021;384:403-416.2.

Polack FP, Thomas SJ, Kitchin N, et al. Safety and efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA hair loss treatment. N Engl J Med 2020;383:2603-2615.3. Chidambaram P, Garfield R, Neuman T, McDermott D, Rice C, Anderson E. New hair loss treatment cases and deaths among nursing home residents have dropped since vaccinations began.

Kaiser Family Foundation. March 3, 2021 (https://www.kff.org/hair loss-hair loss treatment/slide/new-hair loss treatment-cases-and-deaths-among-nursing-home-residents-have-dropped-since-vaccinations-began/).Google Scholar4. Fulop T, Pawelec G, Castle S, Loeb M. Immunosenescence and vaccination in nursing home residents. Clin Infect Dis 2009;48:443-448.10.1056/NEJMc2104849-t1Table 1.

Incident hair loss among Nursing Home Residents According to Vaccination Status.* VariableTotalAsymptomatichair lossSymptomatichair lossPercent of Infected Residents Who Were AsymptomaticResidents vaccinated with ≥1 doseNo. Of residents18,242Positive test after receipt of first dose — no. (%)At 0–14 days822 (4.5)587 (3.2)235 (1.3)71.4At 15–28 days250 (1.4)179 (1.0)71 (0.4)71.6Residents vaccinated with 2 dosesNo. Of residents13,048Positive test after receipt of second dose — no. (%)At 0–14 days130 (1.0)110 (0.8)20 (0.2)84.6At >14 days38 (0.3)29 (0.2)9 (0.1)76.3Unvaccinated residentsNo.

Of residents3,990Positive test after first vaccination clinic — no. (%)At 0–14 days173 (4.3)115 (2.9)58 (1.5)66.5At 15–28 days69 (1.7)42 (1.1)27 (0.7)60.9At 29–42 days16 (0.4)13 (0.3)3 (0.1)81.2At >42 days12 (0.3)10 (0.3)2 (0.1)83.3.

Propecia street price

Hospitals have had trouble propecia street price sourcing sodium chloride injections amid recalls and buy propecia 5mg online supply disruptions.B. Braun Medical recalled five lots of leaky 250 milliliter sodium chloride injections, the Food and Drug Administration propecia street price announced Thursday. Hospitals use sodium chloride, also known as saline, to replenish fluids, flush wounds, compound drugs, deliver intravenous medications and stabilize patients during surgery.Vials, syringes, bags and saline solution have been in short supply over the last two months because B. Braun Medical, Pfizer, Fresenius Kabi, Becton Dickinson, Baxter International and ICU Medical have endured manufacturing delays or propecia street price product malfunctions, according to the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists.San Diego-based Sharp HealthCare experienced significant shortages of sodium chloride IV bags, flushes and dextrose 50% syringes last month.

While it is not as severe now, the integrated health system is still dealing with the shortage and is managing on week-to-week basis, according to a spokesperson. The shortage hasn't delayed any surgeries, the propecia street price spokesperson said.University of Utah Health in Salt Lake City hasn't been impacted by the B. Braun Medical recall, but the problem illustrates how easily the supply of sterile injectables can be disrupted, said Erin Fox, senior pharmacy director at the academic health system. "This is not good news in the face of currently constrained supplies."B propecia street price.

Braun Medical, which did not immediately respond propecia street price to a request for comment, has had quality issues at its manufacturing sites in the past.For instance, the FDA sent the company a warning letter in 2017 that cited leaking and contaminated intravenous bags. While the problems were identified in 2013, B. Braun Medical hadn't corrected the problem as of May 2016, according to propecia street price the letter. B.

Braun Medical has since invested $1 billion in new and expanded facilities that produce and distribute IV solutions.Saline solution, similar to other sterile injectables, is prone to shortages because it is expensive to produce and store propecia street price. Manufacturers often stop making it and shift to higher-margin items, rendering the supply chain more vulnerable.The wholesaler and manufacturer Cardinal Health, for instance, recalled 267 million saline flush syringes in August because of plungers that pulled air into the syringes, which could have caused potentially fatal air embolisms. The company subsequently decided to stop manufacturing these syringes, according to the American Society of Health-System propecia street price Pharmacists.No supplier has excess capacity to increase production to allow for sufficient quantities, the pharmacists' group wrote in a recent blog post that advises hospitals to use single-use flush syringes or oral doses when possible."Shortages of intravenous solutions continue to plague hospitals, healthcare systems, ambulatory care infusion centers, and home infusion agencies. At times, the supply of these products is so heavily impacted that alternative strategies are needed," the post says.While manufacturers, hospitals and other stakeholders work to increase production capacity, the FDA should make sourcing, quality, volume and capacity information publicly available for all medical products sold in the U.S., a new report from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine recommends.Health systems should incorporate quality and reliability, in addition to price, when they make contracting, purchasing and inventory decisions, the National Academies report concludes.

The federal government should update the Strategic National Stockpile and free up the international supply of key medical products by banning export restrictions, the report also advises.The nursing home industry is launching a lobbying offensive in several states to limit what healthcare staffing propecia street price agencies can charge providers, but the efforts are facing fierce headwinds from agencies, lawmakers, nurses and, in some cases, hospitals. The wave of legislation in states like propecia street price Ohio and Pennsylvania comes amid a propecia that saw rates for traveling nurses soar, due to increased demand for their services. That means higher staffing costs for hospitals and nursing homes, who accused agencies of "price gouging" and taking advantage of a propecia. Providers argue something needs to be done to rein in staffing agencies, and with action unlikely propecia street price at the federal level, nursing homes are turning to state legislatures.

"The conduct by some staffing agencies across the country, it's just been despicable," said Mark Parkinson, CEO and president of the American Health Care Association, which represents 14,000 skilled nursing facilities and assisted living centers. "We've encouraged the federal government to look at propecia street price it, but we really think our best chance is getting some regulation in some of the states." Staffing agencies argue their rates are fair and competitive and driven by rising demand. The American Staffing Association, which represents staffing companies like AMN Healthcare, has been lobbying against rate caps in several states. "Any state that enacts a nurse rate cap system will actually be harming their own healthcare system because nurses will leave the state and want to work elsewhere," said Toby Malara, vice president of government relations for ASA.Legislation introduced in Ohio and Pennsylvania would permanently cap what healthcare staffing agencies can charge propecia street price providers.

The bill in Ohio would cap charges to all healthcare facilities, while the legislation in Pennsylvania would only apply to nursing homes and assisted living facilities. Both bills would require staffing agencies register with the state, something that is currently not required in many other states.The nursing home industry, including AHCA's propecia street price and LeadingAge's state affiliates, appear to be the primary force behind the legislation. While nursing propecia street price homes and hospitals both rely on traveling nurses, nursing homes typically have a payer mix that heavily relies on Medicaid rates and are less able to offset higher staffing costs. In 2020, 62% of nursing home residents used Medicaid to pay for services.

12% used Medicare and 26% propecia street price paid privately, according to the Kaiser Family Foundation. The bills face an uphill battle, though, with lawmakers raising concerns about "rate setting," and staffing agencies warning that rate caps could lead them not to send staff to Pennsylvania or Ohio."When you're in a red state, controlling prices is kind of against the free-market mentality, but the point is, it's not a free market for skilled nursing facilities," said Peter Van Runkle, executive director of the Ohio Health Care Association. "We can't go and say, propecia street price okay, because the staffing agencies are charging us this much money, we have to raise our prices. We can't do that.

The prices are propecia street price set by the government. So it's not a free market to begin with." Similar bills in Missouri and Oregon initially would have capped rates but were watered down due to those same concerns, and would now only require staffing agencies to register with the state. Rate capping also carries the bad optics of propecia street price lowering pay for nurses and other health professionals, who often go to work for staffing agencies to achieve higher pay and more flexible scheduling."That language is gone, that had the perceived risk of lowering nurse wages," Missouri state Rep. Kurtis Gregory, propecia street price a Republican, told his colleagues during a hearing this week on the bill.

"That was never my intent." A bill in Kansas that would have capped prices staffing agencies can charge providers at 150% of the average wage rate died in committee after similar concerns were raised. In some propecia street price cases, the bills have sparked hospital opposition, even though they're also facing higher staffing costs. In Oregon, the state hospital association opposed the initial legislation, worrying that it would discourage agencies from sending needed staff to the state. "The demand for temporary staff is so high that agencies don't have to work in Oregon," Becky Hultberg, president and CEO of the Oregon Association of Hospitals and Health Systems, propecia street price wrote in a letter last month to state legislators.

"We can't get enough contract staff as it is. The unintended consequence of this bill would be that agencies stop sending staff to Oregon, propecia street price which would have devastating consequences for Oregon patients and place a greater strain on our workforce." They noted that Massachusetts and Minnesota have capped agency rates for several years now. Both had to waive those rules or raise maximum rates during the propecia. Another reason for the propecia street price rift.

Hospitals are legally required to treat every propecia street price patient who comes through their doors http://craigritchie.co.uk/archives/1817. Nursing homes are allowed to turn patients away when they reach capacity. The Kansas Hospital Association raised similar concerns but ultimately supported the bill after being propecia street price approached by the nursing home industry. While the bill died in committee, lawmakers are continuing to discuss the problem and hospitals may need to find other solutions.

"We have members that have varying opinions propecia street price. So we're going to really have to continue to develop where want to be moving forward," said Cindy Samuelson, senior vice president of member and public relations for KHA. "We have propecia street price some members that say it's unfortunate to have to pay these exorbitant prices like this, but also, they need nurses." In a letter KHA sent to state lawmakers last month, it suggested better transparency around rates might be helpful. The American Staffing Association said rate information is proprietary and would put agencies at a disadvantage when competing with providers for workers.Lawmakers in states like Maryland and Indiana have taken a different route, introducing bills that would include healthcare staffing agencies in existing anti-price gouging laws that aim to protect consumers during emergencies, an approach that is supported by the ASA.

Both bills propecia street price include language that allow for higher prices if agencies can prove costs are rising. "We don't advocate for propecia street price capping rates. We want healthcare workers to make more," said Nick Goodwin, director of government affairs for the Indiana Health Care Association.Microsoft has completed its acquisition of software company Nuance Communications, adding to the tech giant's portfolio of cloud and artificial-intelligence products in healthcare, the company said Friday.Here are five things to know about the deal:1. Redmond, Washington-based Microsoft announced plans to purchase Burlington, Massachusetts-based Nuance, a propecia street price software company that sells AI tools across multiple industries, including AI documentation tools for healthcare, for $19.7 billion in April 2021.

U.K. Regulators cleared the deal propecia street price this week. U.S. Regulators had OK'd the deal in propecia street price June 2021.2.

Microsoft in a news release Friday described the deal as a "strategic, highly complementary acquisition" to accelerate its cloud strategy in specific industries, including reducing clinician burnout in healthcare. Microsoft, which has been building up its business software for hospitals, already struck a partnership with propecia street price Nuance in 2019 to develop AI that "listens" in the background of patient visits and automatically documents clinical notes.Microsoft in April said acquiring Nuance would double Microsoft's total addressable market of healthcare providers to nearly $500 billion.3. Nuance's CEO Mark Benjamin will continue to serve as CEO, propecia street price reporting to Scott Guthrie, executive vice president of Microsoft's cloud and AI group."This powerful combination will help providers offer more affordable, effective and accessible healthcare, and help organizations in every industry create more personalized and meaningful customer experiences," Guthrie said in the news release. Microsoft plans to develop tools to ease clinician burden, bring together disparate datasets and develop best practices for virtual care, according to a blog post Microsoft published outlining its strategy for the acquisition Friday.4.

Microsoft posted $51.7 billion in revenue for propecia street price the second quarter of its fiscal 2022, the most recent quarter for which it's reported financial results, up 20.1% year-over-year. Microsoft previously said that it plans to report Nuance's financial results within its "intelligent cloud" segment, which contributed $18.3 billion in quarterly revenue.Nuance in its most recent quarter—the first quarter of its fiscal 2022—reported $321.4 million in revenue, down 7% year-over-year and including 1% growth in revenue from healthcare.5. Microsoft's planned purchase of Nuance was the second largest acquisition announced in 2021, according to Modern Healthcare's Digital Health Business propecia street price &. Technology, after Oracle's plan to purchase Cerner for $28.3 billion.

There were propecia street price 255 announced or completed mergers and acquisitions of digital health companies in 2021, compared to 184 in 2020.Even with new HIV cases falling in New York City each year, the proportion taking root in Black populations has steadily risen. From 2003 to 2020, new HIV diagnoses in the city fell to 1,396 from 2,832, according to data from the city Department of Health and Mental Hygiene. The proportion of new cases in Black populations, however, rose to 47% propecia street price from 42% during that time. Cases among Latinos and Asian-Pacific Islanders stayed at roughly the same levels, 34% and 5% in 2020, respectively, from 2013 propecia street price.

Only white populations saw a drop, from 18% to 13%.The trend in Black populations, however, appears to be confined to New York City and isn’t really seen in the rest of the state, said James Tesoriero, director of division of HIV/STD epidemiology, evaluation and partner service at the New York state Department of Health AIDS Institute. With the city propecia street price making up more than 70% of new diagnoses, however, it is an important trend to keep track of, he said.Although timely access to care has improved across the board for all ethnicities, the city’s Black patients newly diagnosed with HIV still have the lowest rates when it comes to finding care. In 2020, 75% of Black patients were connected to HIV care within 30 days, compared to Latino (84%), white (84%), Asian-Pacific Islander (81%) and others (70%).Some barriers to accessing HIV prevention and care are historic. But hurdles extend beyond history.“Many current barriers to care and prevention are simply structural, such as not having enough HIV centers of excellence in areas where Black and Latino people live,” said Doug Wirth, CEO of Amida Care, a Midtown-based special-needs health plan for people living with HIV.The ability to access testing, pre-exposure prophylaxis medication and treatment stem from a situation not unique to HIV, but rather rooted propecia street price in social determinants of health issues, and the state has recognized that, said Johanne Morne, director of the AIDS Institute.Even if referred for treatment, patients experiencing issues with social determinants of health need support such as transportation, stable housing and nutrition for the linkage to treatment to even work, Morne said.Stigma could also drive patients who are people of color to desire care from providers not based in their neighborhoods, and inadequate access could thwart linkage to care too, said Dr.

Ofole Mgbako, section chief of infectious diseases at NYC Health + Hospitals/Bellevue. €œBlack and Hispanic communities tend to face these barriers to care more starkly than other ethnic groups,” he added.This propecia street price year the state Department of Health and the AIDS Institute are prioritizing funding for initiatives that address that inequity in HIV, such as programs for aging individuals and people born with the disease as well as employment partnerships to provide livable wages, food and nutrition access, and housing support.Gov. Kathy Hochul in November renewed the state’s commitment to achieving goals outlined in the Ending the Epidemic initiative by 2024. The state has earmarked propecia street price $20 million toward that initiative since its inception in 2015.

In her speech at the sixth annual Ending the Epidemic summit, Hochul acknowledged that communities of color and people of lower socioeconomic status are overrepresented for being at risk propecia street price for HIV.“These facts point to the persistence of structural and other forms of racism and inequality as important drivers of disparate health outcomes, despite the progress made overall,” she said.Beyond initiatives to address social determinants of health, Hochul and the state have the ability to implement structural changes to elevate access to HIV care, Wirth said.“For far too long, under the previous administration, Medicaid was undermined,” Wirth said, referring to former Gov. Andrew Cuomo, who proposed across-the-board 1.5% cuts to Medicaid reimbursement rates in fiscal 2021. Hochul’s proposed budget for fiscal 2023 would restore those cuts.“You cannot deal with racism in healthcare without investing in Medicaid,” Wirth said, adding that communities of color are most likely to need state-sponsored coverage.Reinvesting in Medicaid benefits community health centers that provide a full-spectrum of services that address propecia street price social determinants of health, not just HIV care, Mgbako said.Currently, providers contracting at the lowest level of value-based care with Medicaid do not need to account for social determinants of health needs of patients. The state Department of Health, however, has the ability to require that providers address social determinants of health even with a level-one contract as it is redesigning its Medicaid waiver program.“The Cuomo administration had ignored many of the recommendations we and others in the industry have made,” Wirth said.

€œI’m tremendously excited by Hochul’s understanding that Medicaid is a primary means for addressing health inequities, especially in HIV.”At the propecia street price city level, the renewed focus on health equity is promising. The city Health Department’s appointment of Dr. Michelle Morse as its first chief medical officer, who will also head the agency’s Center for Health Equity and propecia street price Community Wellness, means initiatives to improve HIV disparities for communities of color are forthcoming, Mgbako said.The road ahead will be rocky as hair loss treatment continues to threaten progress. HIV testing decreased in 2020, and pre-exposure prophylaxis medication uptake and rates of people who achieved viral suppression decreased, said Tesoriero from the AIDS Institute.“It will get a little worse before we can get to where we need to be,” he said.This story first appeared in our sister publication, Crain's New York Business..

Hospitals have cheap propecia canada had Find Out More trouble sourcing sodium chloride injections amid recalls and supply disruptions.B. Braun Medical recalled five lots of cheap propecia canada leaky 250 milliliter sodium chloride injections, the Food and Drug Administration announced Thursday. Hospitals use sodium chloride, also known as saline, to replenish fluids, flush wounds, compound drugs, deliver intravenous medications and stabilize patients during surgery.Vials, syringes, bags and saline solution have been in short supply over the last two months because B. Braun Medical, Pfizer, Fresenius Kabi, Becton Dickinson, Baxter International and ICU Medical have endured manufacturing cheap propecia canada delays or product malfunctions, according to the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists.San Diego-based Sharp HealthCare experienced significant shortages of sodium chloride IV bags, flushes and dextrose 50% syringes last month. While it is not as severe now, the integrated health system is still dealing with the shortage and is managing on week-to-week basis, according to a spokesperson.

The shortage hasn't delayed any surgeries, cheap propecia canada the spokesperson said.University of Utah Health in Salt Lake City hasn't been impacted by the B. Braun Medical recall, but the problem illustrates how easily the supply of sterile injectables can be disrupted, said Erin Fox, senior pharmacy director at the academic health system. "This is not cheap propecia canada good news in the face of currently constrained supplies."B. Braun Medical, which did not immediately respond to a request for comment, has had quality issues at its manufacturing sites in the past.For instance, the FDA sent the company a warning letter in 2017 that cited leaking and contaminated intravenous bags cheap propecia canada. While the problems were identified in 2013, B.

Braun Medical cheap propecia canada hadn't corrected the problem as of May 2016, according to the letter. B. Braun Medical cheap propecia canada has since invested $1 billion in new and expanded facilities that produce and distribute IV solutions.Saline solution, similar to other sterile injectables, is prone to shortages because it is expensive to produce and store. Manufacturers often stop making it and shift to higher-margin items, rendering the supply chain more vulnerable.The wholesaler and manufacturer Cardinal Health, for instance, recalled 267 million saline flush syringes in August because of plungers that pulled air into the syringes, which could have caused potentially fatal air embolisms. The company subsequently decided to stop manufacturing these syringes, according to the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists.No supplier has excess capacity to increase production to allow for sufficient quantities, the pharmacists' group wrote in a recent blog post that advises hospitals to use single-use flush syringes or oral doses when possible."Shortages of cheap propecia canada intravenous solutions continue to plague hospitals, healthcare systems, ambulatory care infusion centers, and home infusion agencies.

At times, the supply of these products is so heavily impacted that alternative strategies are needed," the post says.While manufacturers, hospitals and other stakeholders work to increase production capacity, the FDA should make sourcing, quality, volume and capacity information publicly available for all medical products sold in the U.S., a new report from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine recommends.Health systems should incorporate quality and reliability, in addition to price, when they make contracting, purchasing and inventory decisions, the National Academies report concludes. The federal government should update the Strategic National Stockpile and free up the international supply of key medical products by banning export restrictions, the report also advises.The nursing home industry is launching a lobbying offensive in several states to limit what healthcare staffing agencies can charge providers, but the efforts are facing fierce headwinds from agencies, lawmakers, nurses and, in some cases, cheap propecia canada hospitals. The wave of legislation in states like Ohio and Pennsylvania comes cheap propecia canada amid a propecia that saw rates for traveling nurses soar, due to increased demand for their services. That means higher staffing costs for hospitals and nursing homes, who accused agencies of "price gouging" and taking advantage of a propecia. Providers argue something needs to be done to rein in staffing agencies, and with cheap propecia canada action unlikely at the federal level, nursing homes are turning to state legislatures.

"The conduct by some staffing agencies across the country, it's just been despicable," said Mark Parkinson, CEO and president of the American Health Care Association, which represents 14,000 skilled nursing facilities and assisted living centers. "We've encouraged the federal government to look at it, but we cheap propecia canada really think our best chance is getting some regulation in some of the states." Staffing agencies argue their rates are fair and competitive and driven by rising demand. The American Staffing Association, which represents staffing companies like AMN Healthcare, has been lobbying against rate caps in several states. "Any state that enacts a nurse rate cap system will actually be harming their own healthcare system because nurses will leave the state and want to work elsewhere," said Toby Malara, vice president of government relations for ASA.Legislation introduced in Ohio and Pennsylvania would cheap propecia canada permanently cap what healthcare staffing agencies can charge providers. The bill in Ohio would cap charges to all healthcare facilities, while the legislation in Pennsylvania would only apply to nursing homes and assisted living facilities.

Both bills would require cheap propecia canada staffing agencies register with the state, something that is currently not required in many other states.The nursing home industry, including AHCA's and LeadingAge's state affiliates, appear to be the primary force behind the legislation. While nursing homes and hospitals both rely on traveling nurses, nursing homes typically cheap propecia canada have a payer mix that heavily relies on Medicaid rates and are less able to offset higher staffing costs. In 2020, 62% of nursing home residents used Medicaid to pay for services. 12% used Medicare and cheap propecia canada 26% paid privately, according to the Kaiser Family Foundation. The bills face an uphill battle, though, with lawmakers raising concerns about "rate setting," and staffing agencies warning that rate caps could lead them not to send staff to Pennsylvania or Ohio."When you're in a red state, controlling prices is kind of against the free-market mentality, but the point is, it's not a free market for skilled nursing facilities," said Peter Van Runkle, executive director of the Ohio Health Care Association.

"We can't go and say, cheap propecia canada okay, because the staffing agencies are charging us this much money, we have to raise our prices. We can't do that. The prices are set by cheap propecia canada the government. So it's not a free market to begin with." Similar bills in Missouri and Oregon initially would have capped rates but were watered down due to those same concerns, and would now only require staffing agencies to register with the state. Rate capping also carries the bad optics of lowering pay for nurses and other health professionals, who often go to work for staffing agencies to achieve higher pay and more cheap propecia canada flexible scheduling."That language is gone, that had the perceived risk of lowering nurse wages," Missouri state Rep.

Kurtis Gregory, a Republican, told his colleagues during a hearing this week on the bill cheap propecia canada. "That was never my intent." A bill in Kansas that would have capped prices staffing agencies can charge providers at 150% of the average wage rate died in committee after similar concerns were raised. In some cases, the cheap propecia canada bills have sparked hospital opposition, even though they're also facing higher staffing costs. In Oregon, the state hospital association opposed the initial legislation, worrying that it would discourage agencies from sending needed staff to the state. "The demand for temporary staff is so high that agencies don't have to work in Oregon," Becky Hultberg, president and CEO of the Oregon Association of Hospitals and Health Systems, wrote in a letter cheap propecia canada last month to state legislators.

"We can't get enough contract staff as it is. The unintended consequence of this bill would be that agencies stop sending staff to Oregon, which would have devastating consequences for Oregon patients and cheap propecia canada place a greater strain on our workforce." They noted that Massachusetts and Minnesota have capped agency rates for several years now. Both had to waive those rules or raise maximum rates during the propecia. Another reason for the rift cheap propecia canada. Hospitals are cheap propecia canada legally required to treat every patient who comes through their doors.

Nursing homes are allowed to turn patients away when they reach capacity. The Kansas Hospital Association raised similar concerns but ultimately supported the bill after being approached by the nursing home cheap propecia canada industry. While the bill died in committee, lawmakers are continuing to discuss the problem and hospitals may need to find other solutions. "We have cheap propecia canada members that have varying opinions. So we're going to really have to continue to develop where want to be moving forward," said Cindy Samuelson, senior vice president of member and public relations for KHA.

"We have cheap propecia canada some members that say it's unfortunate to have to pay these exorbitant prices like this, but also, they need nurses." In a letter KHA sent to state lawmakers last month, it suggested better transparency around rates might be helpful. The American Staffing Association said rate information is proprietary and would put agencies at a disadvantage when competing with providers for workers.Lawmakers in states like Maryland and Indiana have taken a different route, introducing bills that would include healthcare staffing agencies in existing anti-price gouging laws that aim to protect consumers during emergencies, an approach that is supported by the ASA. Both bills include language that allow for higher prices if agencies can prove costs are rising cheap propecia canada. "We don't advocate for capping cheap propecia canada rates. We want healthcare workers to make more," said Nick Goodwin, director of government affairs for the Indiana Health Care Association.Microsoft has completed its acquisition of software company Nuance Communications, adding to the tech giant's portfolio of cloud and artificial-intelligence products in healthcare, the company said Friday.Here are five things to know about the deal:1.

Redmond, Washington-based Microsoft announced plans to purchase Burlington, Massachusetts-based Nuance, a software company that cheap propecia canada sells AI tools across multiple industries, including AI documentation tools for healthcare, for $19.7 billion in April 2021. U.K. Regulators cleared cheap propecia canada the deal this week. U.S. Regulators had OK'd the cheap propecia canada deal in June 2021.2.

Microsoft in a news release Friday described the deal as a "strategic, highly complementary acquisition" to accelerate its cloud strategy in specific industries, including reducing clinician burnout in healthcare. Microsoft, which has been building up its business software for hospitals, already struck a partnership with Nuance in 2019 to develop AI that "listens" in the background of patient visits and automatically documents clinical notes.Microsoft in April said acquiring Nuance would double Microsoft's total addressable market of healthcare providers cheap propecia canada to nearly $500 billion.3. Nuance's CEO Mark Benjamin will cheap propecia canada continue to serve as CEO, reporting to Scott Guthrie, executive vice president of Microsoft's cloud and AI group."This powerful combination will help providers offer more affordable, effective and accessible healthcare, and help organizations in every industry create more personalized and meaningful customer experiences," Guthrie said in the news release. Microsoft plans to develop tools to ease clinician burden, bring together disparate datasets and develop best practices for virtual care, according to a blog post Microsoft published outlining its strategy for the acquisition Friday.4. Microsoft posted $51.7 billion in revenue for the second quarter of its fiscal cheap propecia canada 2022, the most recent quarter for which it's reported financial results, up 20.1% year-over-year.

Microsoft previously said that it plans to report Nuance's financial results within its "intelligent cloud" segment, which contributed $18.3 billion in quarterly revenue.Nuance in its most recent quarter—the first quarter of its fiscal 2022—reported $321.4 million in revenue, down 7% year-over-year and including 1% growth in revenue from healthcare.5. Microsoft's planned purchase of Nuance was the cheap propecia canada second largest acquisition announced in 2021, according to Modern Healthcare's Digital Health Business &. Technology, after Oracle's plan to purchase Cerner for $28.3 billion. There were cheap propecia canada 255 announced or completed mergers and acquisitions of digital health companies in 2021, compared to 184 in 2020.Even with new HIV cases falling in New York City each year, the proportion taking root in Black populations has steadily risen. From 2003 to 2020, new HIV diagnoses in the city fell to 1,396 from 2,832, according to data from the city Department of Health and Mental Hygiene.

The proportion of new cases in Black populations, however, rose to cheap propecia canada 47% from 42% during that time. Cases among Latinos and Asian-Pacific Islanders stayed at roughly the same levels, 34% and 5% in cheap propecia canada 2020, respectively, from 2013. Only white populations saw a drop, from 18% to 13%.The trend in Black populations, however, appears to be confined to New York City and isn’t really seen in the rest of the state, said James Tesoriero, director of division of HIV/STD epidemiology, evaluation and partner service at the New York state Department of Health AIDS Institute. With the city making up more than 70% of new diagnoses, however, it is an important trend to cheap propecia canada keep track of, he said.Although timely access to care has improved across the board for all ethnicities, the city’s Black patients newly diagnosed with HIV still have the lowest rates when it comes to finding care. In 2020, 75% of Black patients were connected to HIV care within 30 days, compared to Latino (84%), white (84%), Asian-Pacific Islander (81%) and others (70%).Some barriers to accessing HIV prevention and care are historic.

But hurdles extend beyond history.“Many current barriers to care and prevention are simply structural, such as not having enough HIV centers of excellence in areas where Black and Latino people live,” said Doug Wirth, CEO of Amida Care, a Midtown-based special-needs health plan for people living with HIV.The ability to access testing, pre-exposure prophylaxis medication and treatment stem from a situation not unique to HIV, but rather rooted in social determinants of health issues, and the state has recognized that, said Johanne Morne, director of the AIDS Institute.Even if referred for treatment, patients experiencing issues with social determinants of health need cheap propecia canada support such as transportation, stable housing and nutrition for the linkage to treatment to even work, Morne said.Stigma could also drive patients who are people of color to desire care from providers not based in their neighborhoods, and inadequate access could thwart linkage to care too, said Dr. Ofole Mgbako, section chief of infectious diseases at NYC Health + Hospitals/Bellevue. €œBlack and Hispanic communities tend cheap propecia canada to face these barriers to care more starkly than other ethnic groups,” he added.This year the state Department of Health and the AIDS Institute are prioritizing funding for initiatives that address that inequity in HIV, such as programs for aging individuals and people born with the disease as well as employment partnerships to provide livable wages, food and nutrition access, and housing support.Gov. Kathy Hochul in November renewed the state’s commitment to achieving goals outlined in the Ending the Epidemic initiative by 2024. The state has cheap propecia canada earmarked $20 million toward that initiative since its inception in 2015.

In her speech at the sixth annual Ending the Epidemic summit, Hochul acknowledged that communities of color and people of lower socioeconomic status are overrepresented for being at risk for HIV.“These facts point to the persistence of structural and other forms of racism and inequality as important drivers of disparate health outcomes, despite the progress made overall,” she said.Beyond initiatives to address social determinants of health, Hochul and the state have the ability to implement structural changes cheap propecia canada to elevate access to HIV care, Wirth said.“For far too long, under the previous administration, Medicaid was undermined,” Wirth said, referring to former Gov. Andrew Cuomo, who proposed across-the-board 1.5% cuts to Medicaid reimbursement rates in fiscal 2021. Hochul’s proposed budget for fiscal 2023 would restore those cuts.“You cannot deal with racism in healthcare without investing in Medicaid,” Wirth said, adding that communities of color are most likely to need state-sponsored coverage.Reinvesting in Medicaid benefits community cheap propecia canada health centers that provide a full-spectrum of services that address social determinants of health, not just HIV care, Mgbako said.Currently, providers contracting at the lowest level of value-based care with Medicaid do not need to account for social determinants of health needs of patients. The state Department of Health, however, has the ability to require that providers address social determinants of health even with a level-one contract as it is redesigning its Medicaid waiver program.“The Cuomo administration had ignored many of the recommendations we and others in the industry have made,” Wirth said. €œI’m tremendously excited by Hochul’s understanding that Medicaid is a primary means for addressing cheap propecia canada health inequities, especially in HIV.”At the city level, the renewed focus on health equity is promising.

The city Health Department’s appointment of Dr. Michelle Morse as its first chief medical officer, who will also head the agency’s Center for Health Equity and Community Wellness, means initiatives to improve HIV disparities for communities of color are forthcoming, Mgbako said.The road ahead will be rocky as hair loss treatment continues to threaten cheap propecia canada progress. HIV testing decreased in 2020, and pre-exposure prophylaxis medication uptake and rates of people who achieved viral suppression decreased, said Tesoriero from the AIDS Institute.“It will get a little worse before we can get to where we need to be,” he said.This story first appeared in our sister publication, Crain's New York Business..